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Home / IAS Preparation / Bharatmala Pariyojana - Comprehensive Overview and Details

Bharatmala Pariyojana - Comprehensive Overview and Details

Last Updated on Feb 20, 2025
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In a bid to bridge the crucial infrastructure gaps and optimize the effectiveness of road traffic movement throughout the country, the Government of India has initiated the “Bharatmala Pariyojana”. This comprehensive program for the highways sector envisages the development of about 34800 km of roads, which is slated to be completed in a phased manner.

This subject is of immense importance for both the prelims and the IAS Mains examinations.

For a more in-depth understanding of the various initiatives launched by the Government of India, do visit the Government Schemes for UPSC page now !!

The following links will help strengthen the candidates in their UPSC preparation:

The Bharatmala Pariyojana was announced by Mr Nitin Gadkari, the Minister of Road Transport and Highways of India with the vision to upgrade the road network in the nation. The funding for the scheme will be secured through the cess collected on petrol and diesel and the tax collected at toll booths, in addition to the budgetary support extended by the Government.

Candidates preparing for the UPSC 2022 examination are advised to delve deep into the government schemes to fare well in the upcoming UPSC exams.

Components of Bharatmala Project

  • Economic Corridor – The central government has plans to construct 9000kms of Economic Corridors as per the guidelines of the road construction project.
  • Feeder Route or Inter Corridor – A staggering 6000kms of roads fall under the Feeder Route or Inter Corridor category.
  • National Corridor Efficiency Improvement – The scheme envisions the construction of 5000kms of roads under the category of National Corridor for better inter-connectivity between roads.
  • Border Road and International Connectivity – The project aims to construct 2000kms of roads that fall in the Border Road or International Connectivity category to connect the cities and remote areas situated in the border regions.
  • Port Connectivity and Coastal Road – The central government has mandated the construction of 2000km of roads to connect the areas along the shorelines and important ports.
  • Green Field Expressway – The project lays major emphasis on the construction and development of Green Field Expressway for better management of traffic and freight.
  • Balance NHDP Works – The project will see the construction and maintenance of about 10,000kms of new roads under the last segment.

The Bharatmala project aims to enhance the efficiency of the National Corridor including the Golden-Quadrilateral and North, South –East West corridor by alleviating the choke points through the construction of elevated corridors, bypasses, ring roads, lane expansion, and logistics parks at identified points.

The project plan includes the construction of Border Roads of strategic importance along international boundaries and International Connectivity roads to promote trade with Myanmar, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal.

The program has identified around 26,200 km of Economic Corridors or routes that have heavy freight traffic. The program has planned to develop the identified Economic Corridors with heavy freight traffic, end to end to ensure seamless, speedy travel and uniformity in standards. Feeder Corridors will be developed to address the infrastructure asymmetry that exists in many places.

All projects implemented under Bharatmala are to be technically, financially, and economically appraised by an empowered Project Appraisal & Technical Scrutiny Committee to be set up in the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH).

For more details about the IAS exam , candidates can visit the linked article.

Highlights of Bharatmala Pariyojana

The scheme was initiated to improve road traffic and improve trade through road transportation. Some other key highlights of the Bharatmala Pariyojana include:

  1. The principal objective was to enhance the quality of roads to usher in development in every corner of the country.
  2. The construction of new roads is another important aspect of the announcement for this scheme.
  3. The Government plans to complete the construction of all the roads, under this scheme, within a timeframe of five years.
  4. Since the fund provided by the Government may not be sufficient for the construction of roads, hence the Ministry relies on various other sources for the completion of this project.
  5. The project aims to construct multiple roads and for the proper execution of the project, the Ministry has decided to divide the project into various categories for proper construction of the roads.

Challenges of Bharatmala Project

The Bharatmala project was announced in 2017 and was targetted to get completed by 2022. However, the latest reports suggest that the project currently is nowhere close to completion because of the increased land cost and the increase in the estimated budget for the project.

The Central Government is now looking in for more investments from funds collected from the market and any other private investment. If the estimated budget is not met, then the Government intends to auction completed highway projects or even look for foreign debts and bond markets.

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Bharatmala Route

The government will mobilize resources for Bharatmala through four different routes:

  • Market borrowings
  • Central road fund
  • Monetizing government-owned road assets
  • Budgetary allocation

Of the total amount, Rs. 2 Lakh Crore are to be raised as debt from market borrowings, while Rs. 1 Lakh crore will be used from the accrued money in Central Road Fund and toll collections by NHAI.

This project will help in the economic growth of the country by increasing the corridors from 6 to 50. The Central Government, with the Bharatmala Project intent to increase trade, improve the condition of the National Highways, and improve the network of roads in the country.

Candidates preparing for UPSC and other government exams must study in detail all the Government schemes in the linked article.

Related Links:

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Frequently Asked Questions

Uttar Pradesh has the longest network of National Highways in India. There are 35 National Highways in Uttar Pradesh.

Rajasthan, being the largest state in India with a total area of 342,329 sq km, fits well in this list. Embracing a whopping length of 6,373 km of National Highways and a road network of 150,876 km, Rajasthan is well-connected with the east, west, north, and south of India.

Previously known as National Highway 7, National Highway 44 (NH 44) is the longest-running National Highway in India. It is 3,745 km long and covers the North-South Corridor of NHDP. It starts from Srinagar in the north and ends in Kanyakumari in the south.
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