Biological molecules, also known as biomolecules, play a crucial role in defining the structure, functionality, and catalytic activities of cells. At the heart of these biomolecules, we find covalent bonds, which are strong enough to maintain the structure of molecules like Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and more. Therefore, when biomolecules come together, they form a functional cell.
There are various types of bonds that exist within biomolecules, such as glycosidic bonds, peptide bonds, and phosphodiester bonds, to name a few. However, the primary structure of biomolecules is predominantly formed by covalent bonds.
Taking a closer look, we find peptide bonds mainly in polypeptides. Interestingly, these peptide bonds are exclusive to proteins.
On the other hand, ionic bonds result in the formation of cations and anions, which can significantly influence critical cellular functions.
Contrary to the strength of covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds are relatively weak and do not contribute to the structural integrity of molecules.
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