Agriculture and Rural Development MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Agriculture and Rural Development - Download Free PDF

Characteristics of Intensive Farming:

• Intensive farming is an agricultural intensification and mechanization system that aims to maximize yields from available land through various means, such as heavy use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.
• Three major characteristics of intensive farming are as follows, 
  • Low fallow ratio
  • Labour and capital intensive
  • Higher crop yields per unit land area.
• Executive use of mechanization found.
• It is a labour-intensive farming method.
• This farming produces cheaper food per hectare to feed the rising population.
• Created multiple cropping systems.
• High productivity using modern inputs.
• It also involves intensive livestock farming.
• It is a common practice in the fertile areas of south-east Asia, China, India (Punjab, parts of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, etc.), etc.

Therefore, '3' is the correct option here.

The correct answer is Malani.

Key Points

• Malani breed horses are considered rare.
• There is a growing demand for these horses for polo and race courses.
• This horse is known for its strength and beauty.
• The Malani breed originated from the Kathiawadi and Sindhi breed of horses.

Important Points

• Qataghani Horce:
  • It is a horse breed from the former Qataghan province of Afghanistan.
  • It is a usually bred for light riding purposes.
• Gidran Horce: 
  • The Gidran is one of the smallest horse populations among Hungarian horses.
  • The Gidran is a Hungarian Anglo-Arabian breed that comes from a combination of Arabian & Thoroughbred bloodlines.
• Unmol Horse:
  • The Unmol Horse is a breed of extremely rare horses that evolved in India, in the North West Punjab province (now in Pakistan).

The correct answer is 21

Key Points

• The hatching of eggs refers to the production of baby chicks.
• Only 10 to 12 eggs can be put under 1 hen
• The physical factors necessary for successful incubation are temperature, humidity, gaseous environment, and turning of eggs.
• The fertilized egg takes about 21 days to hatch.

Additional Information Specific conditions for hatching

The correct answer is Manganese.

• Perosis in poultry due to deficiency of Manganese.
• Another name for Perosis is chondrodystrophy.
• Perosis is caused by deficiency of Manganese or deficiency of some vitamins like choline, nicotic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, or folic acid.
• Symptoms of Perosis: Shortened leg bones and Enlarged, flattened hock joints.

The correct answer is 26°C.

The temperature required for chicks at different ages are as follows

• 0-1 week - 35°C
• 0-2 weeks - 32°C
• 2-3 weeks - 28.3°C to 29.4°C
•  3 - 4 weeks is 26°C.

Terms associated with chicken - 

The correct answer is May 2016.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana was launched in May 2016.
  • Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana was launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 1 May 2016.
  • it is implemented by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas through its Oil Marketing Companies.
  • The government aims to provide LPG connections to BPL households in the country.
  • The scheme is aimed at replacing the unclean cooking fuels mostly used in rural India with clean and more efficient LPG.

Additional Information

• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana:
  • Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana is a financial inclusion program of the Government of India open to Indian citizens.
  •  This yojana aims to expand affordable access to financial services such as bank accounts, remittances, credit, insurance, and pensions.
• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana:
  • Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana is an initiative by the Government of India in which affordable housing will be provided to the urban poor with a target of building 20 million affordable houses by 31 March 2022.
• Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana:
  • Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana is a government-backed accident insurance scheme in India.
  • It was originally mentioned in the 2015 Budget speech by Finance Minister Late Arun Jaitley in February 2015.
  • It was formally launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 8 May in Kolkata.

The correct answer is Birds.

• Fowlpox is a relatively slow-spreading viral infection that affects most bird species.
• Fowl pox is caused by a virus named Avipoxvirus which belongs to the Poxviridae family.
• This disease is similar to smallpox in human beings.
• It is a world-wide disease of poultry.
• Some possible hosts are - chickens, turkeys, quail, canaries, pigeons, and many other species of birds.

Additional Information

• Fowlpox virus (FPV) vaccine, CEO (chicken embryo origin) vaccine can be used in controlling Fowlpox disease.
• Symptoms of Fowlpox are - Depression, Inappetance, Poor growth, Poor egg production.

The correct answer is Loans from Nationalised Banks.

Key Points

• The following are the sources of funds for Panchayats:
  •  Gra nts received from the local bodies as recommended by the Central Finance Commission.
  • Funds received from the State Government as recommended by the State Finance Commission.
  • Funds for implementation of schemes that are sponsored by the Central Government.
  • Tax assignment and Tax sharing from the Government of India.
  • Own tax and Non-tax revenue.

  Additional Information

• Panchayati Raj system is the system that ensures the participation of individuals at the grass-root level.
• The Panchayati Raj system is included in the State List of the Constitution of India.
• 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 is related to the Panchayati Raj system.
• Rajasthan is the first state to implement the Panchayati Raj system on 2nd October 1959 in its Nagaur district.
• Balwant Rai Mehta Committee recommended the Panchayati Raj system for the first time in India.
• The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee recommended 3- tier structure consisting of
  • Zilla Parishad at the District Level
  • Panchayat Samiti at the Block Level
  • Gram Panchayat at the Village Level.
• Ashok Mehta Committee appointed in December 1977 by Janata Party Government in 1978 submitted its report stating replacement of 3-tier system by a 2-tier system consisting of Mandal Panchayats at the base and Zila Parishad at the top.
• 24th April every year Panchayati Raj day is celebrated.
• Part IX (Article 243 to 243O) of the Constitution of India deals with the Panchayati Raj system i.e panchayats in India.
• Arunanchal Pradesh does not reserve seats for Scheduled castes in Panchayati Raj Institutions.
• The Panchayati Raj system applies to all States and Union Territories of India except the state of Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland, and Union Territory Delhi.
• Takeaways:
  • Article 280 of the constitution of India deals with the Central Finance Commission (Constituted by the President of India every five years).
  • Article 243-I deals with the State Finance Commission (Constituted by Governor of respective state every five years).

   The correct answer is Pumpkin.

• Pumpkin is a crop of the Zaid season.

Key Points

• The pumpkin belongs to the “Cucurbitaceae” family and is grown extensively during the Kharif season and Zaid/Summer season.
• Prepare the soil to a fine tilth by plowing and pits of 60 cm diameter and 30-45 cm depth are taken at a spacing of 4.5 x 2 m.
• Zaid crops are summer season crops grown on the sub-continent on irrigated lands that do not have to wait for monsoons.
  • They grow in the short duration between Rabi and Kharif crop season, mainly from March to June.
  • Zaid is the season of cropping which is between the Winter and Rainy seasons.
  • These types of crops are grown in summer: E.g. Watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, and sugarcane.
  • They require warm dry weather as a major growth period and longer day length for flowering

Additional Information

• Crops grew: Intensive subsistence farming yields.
  • Two types of crops- wet and dry 
    • Wet crops - paddy
    • Dry crops - wheat, pulses, maize, millets, sorghum, soya-beans, tubers, and vegetables
• India is diverse in all spheres.
• The country is bestowed with a plethora of flora fauna.
• The crops in India have divided into four categories :
  • Cash Crops - Spices, Tobacco, Cotton, Oilseeds 
  • Plantation Crops - Rubber, Coffee, Coconut, and Tea
  • Food Crops -  Rice, Wheat, Maize, Pulses, and Millets
  • Horticulture crops - Vegetables and fruits
• India has three cropping seasons: Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid.
  • Rabi season :
    • The rabi crops are sown around mid-November, preferably after the monsoon rains are over, and harvesting begins in April / May.
    • The crops are grown either with rainwater that has percolated into the ground or using irrigation.
    • Good rain in winter spoils the rabi crops but is good for Kharif crops.
    • The rabi crops include wheat, barley, oats (cereals), chickpea/gram (pulses), linseed, mustard (oilseeds), etc.
  • Kharif season :
    • The Kharif season varies by crop and region, starting at the earliest in May and ending at the latest in January.
    • In India, the season is popularly considered to start in June and end in October.
    • Kharif crops are usually sown at the beginning of the first rains during the advent of the south-west monsoon season.
    • They are harvested at the end of the monsoon season.
    • The Kharif crops include rice, maize, sorghum, pearl millet/bajra, finger millet/ragi (cereals), arhar (pulses), soybean, groundnut (oilseeds), cotton, etc. 

The correct answer is Panchayat.

Key Points

• 243B: Constitution of Panchayats
  • (1) There shall be constituted in every State, Panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels in accordance with the provisions of this Part
  • (2) Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), Panchayats at the intermediate level may not be constituted in a State having a population not exceeding twenty lakhs​

Additional Information

• The Constitution of India has 395 Articles, 12 Schedules, and a total of 25 Parts. There are 22 parts to the original constitution.
  • Article 243(a) Gram Sabha
  • Article 243(b) Constitution of Panchayats
  • Article 243(c) Composition of Panchayats
• Lord Ripon has been called the "Father of Local Self-Government" in India.
• Lord Ripon's resolution of 1882 AD is called the "Magna Carta" for local self-government.
• 'Panchayati Raj Day' is celebrated every year on 24 April in India.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. 0.2529 hectares.

• Bigha is also a unit of measurement of land area varying locally.
• Raja Todar Mal is best known for the introduction of land measurements, Dahasala.
• In central India, Bighas were standardized at 3025 yd²(2529.3 m²) or 5/8 acre (0.2529 hectares).
• Different measuring units used in North and central India-
  • Hectare is a commonly used measurement unit in land sale, planning and agriculture. One hectare is equal to 2.4711 acres and 10,000 square meters.
  • Biswa is a land measurement unit commonly used in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. Although the value varies from one place to another, 1 Biswa comes between the ranges 50-150 square yards. 
  • Biswani is a unit commonly used in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. It is calculated as 1 Biswa = 20 Biswanis.
  • Killa denotes an acre of land in Punjab and Haryana.
  • Gaj is a unit commonly used in Delhi, Punjab and Haryana. It denotes one square yard or 9 square feet.
  • Kattha is a unit used in the states of Assam, Bihar, West Bengal & Madhya Pradesh.etc.

Other important Land measures in Uttar Pradesh:

The correct answer is 75 ∶ 25

• The expenditure of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) scheme is shared between the Central Government and the State Governments in the following manner:

  • Wages for unskilled manual workers: 100% funded by the Central Government.
  • Material costs and administrative expenses: Shared in a 75:25 ratio, where the Central Government contributes 75%, and the State Government contributes 25%.

Additional Information

• The NREGA (National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) is also known as Mahatma Gandhi Employment Guarantee Act 2005.
• The NREGA was renamed as MNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act).
• It guarantees the right to work and is an Indian labor law and social security measure.
• The UPA (United Progressive Alliance) Government of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh passed the act in September 2005.
• The act was passed on 22nd June 2005 and the bill was published on 22nd March 2005.
• The act was introduced by the Minister of Rural Development Raghuvansh Prasad Singh.
• The act was launched on 2nd February 2006 and it is still in force.
• The objective of the act is to enhance security and livelihood in rural areas by providing at least a hundred days of wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members is volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
• The act was first proposed in the year 1991 by P. V. Narasimha Rao.

The correct answer is 243G.​

• Panchayati Raj means Rural Self-Governance System.
• It has been established for the creation of democracy at the grassroots level in all the states of India.
• Article 243G Constitution of India deals with powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats.
• This article gives powers to panchayat raj bodies to prepare and implement the plans for social and economic development.

Key Points

• Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was made for Panchayati Raj system in India; which submitted its report in 1957.
• First of all the Panchayati Raj system was established in Rajasthan (2nd October 1959 at Nagaur).

Additional Information

• The Panchayati Raj is a system of local governance in which gram panchayats are the basic units of local administration.
• The system has three levels:
  • Gram Panchayat (village level)
  • Panchayat Samiti (block level)
  • Zila Parishad (district level)
• It was formalized in 1992.
• 73rd amendment to the Indian Constitution paved the way for it. 

The correct answer is Girdawari

• Girdawari consists of the record of land agriculture.
• Khatauni is the record of land (all types of land).
• Khatauni can be called a book with different accounts of different areas, Khatauni is a very useful document by which the status and complete details of any area can be obtained from Patwari.
• Jamabandi is a document that includes the Record of Rights as well as records of cultivation, ownership.
• Panchnama of the land is tantamount to taking physical possession of the land.