Which of the following crops is primarily cultivated in black soil regions of India? 

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  1. Rice
  2. Cotton
  3. Sugarcane
  4. Tea

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Cotton
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Cotton.

Key Points

  • Cotton is primarily cultivated in the black soil regions of India.
  • Black soil, also known as Regur soil, is ideal for cotton cultivation due to its moisture-retaining capacity.
  • The major cotton-producing states in India include Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh.
  • Black soil is rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime, but poor in nitrogen and organic matter, making it suitable for cotton farming.

Additional Information

  • Black Soil Characteristics
    • Known for its high fertility and moisture retention.
    • Rich in minerals like calcium carbonate, magnesium, and potash.
    • Cracks during dry seasons but swells and becomes sticky when wet, making it ideal for dry farming.
  • Other Crops in Black Soil
    • Besides cotton, crops like sorghum, pulses, millets, and tobacco are also cultivated in black soil regions.
  • Regions with Black Soil
    • Major black soil regions in India include the Deccan Plateau, parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
  • Agricultural Practices
    • Farmers often practice crop rotation and intercropping with cotton to maintain soil health.
    • Use of organic fertilizers and proper irrigation techniques enhances cotton yield in black soil regions.
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