Which of the following is the only rack railway in India that was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005?

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SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On: 25 Jul 2023 Shift 3)
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  1. Nilgiri Mountain Railway
  2. Kangra Valley Railway
  3. Matheran Hill Railway
  4. Kalka-Shimla Railway

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Nilgiri Mountain Railway
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The correct answer is Nilgiri Mountain Railway.Key Points

  • The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is the only rack railway in India that has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005.
  • The railway connects Mettupalayam in Tamil Nadu to Ooty in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu and is known for its scenic beauty and engineering marvels.
  • The railway was built by the British in 1908 and is still operational, using steam locomotives to haul its trains.
  • The railway covers a distance of 46 km and passes through 208 curves, 16 tunnels, and over 250 bridges.

Additional Information

  • The Kangra Valley Railway is a narrow-gauge railway in Himachal Pradesh that connects Pathankot to Jogindernagar.
    • It is 164 km long and passes through the Kangra Valley's sub-Himalayan region.
    • It is tentatively listed as one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
  • The Matheran Hill Railway is a narrow-gauge heritage railway in Maharashtra that connects Neral to Matheran.
    • It connects Neral to Matheran in the Western Ghats and spans a distance of 21 km, slicing through a forest. 
  • The Kalka-Shimla Railway is a narrow-gauge railway in Himachal Pradesh that connects Kalka to Shimla.
    • It is 2 ft 6 and narrow-gauge.
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