Tests which measure the extent of students learning in a given content are called?

Achievement test

• An achievement test measures how much of content someone has learned with reference to a particular course of study or program of instruction.
• The purpose of an achievement test:
  • To measure whether students possess the pre-requisite skills needed to succeed in any unit or whether the students have achieved the objective of the planned instruction.
  • To monitor students' learning and to provide ongoing feedback to both students and teachers during the teaching-learning process.
  • To identify the students' learning difficulties - whether persistent or recurring.
  • To assign grades. 
• The most common type of achievement test is a standardized test developed to measure skills and knowledge learned in a given grade level.

Aptitude test

• Aptitude tests aim at measuring the potential of a person in a particular field and are mainly designed and used for career and employment decisions.
• Attitude test assesses an individual’s feelings about an event, person, or object. 
• Aptitude tests are administered before training is given.
• Aptitude tests are evaluated in terms of predictive validity, how well they can predict a person’s success in a particular area with training.
• Aptitude tests are used in the field of Career counseling, Clinical service, Personnel selection, On the job training, Screening for admission, and Curricular planning.
• Examples of aptitude tests are the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT), Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB), General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), etc.

Diagnostic Evaluation:

• A diagnostic evaluation helps in revealing an individual's weaknesses and strengths in a certain course of study.
• It is concerned with the persistent or recurring learning difficulties that are left unsolved by the formative evaluation.
• The main aim of the diagnostic evaluation is to determine the causes of learning problems and to formulate a plan for remedial action.
• It plays a significant role in improving learning outcomes for all students.
• It will pinpoint the types of errors that were made along with their causes.
• It helps to determine students’ level of knowledge, skills, and understandings at the beginning of a course, grade level, unit, and/or lesson.

​Readiness tests:

• These tests are commonly used in educational situations, and often include the measurement of cognitive, perceptual, emotional, motivational, and other factors involved in the learning process, in an attempt to determine if a student is in a position to benefit from a particular course of instruction.
• Readiness tests are confined largely to reading and mathematics.
• Both types are basically aptitude tests but can also be viewed in terms of achievement since they reflect the skills and information required for successful study.

Hence, Achievement Tests measure the extent of students learning in a given content.