बहुपद x4 − 10x2 + 22 के गुणनखंड दो द्विघात बहुपदों के गुणनफल के रूप में ज्ञात कीजिए।

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RRB NTPC Graduate Level CBT-I Official Paper (Held On: 06 Jun, 2025 Shift 2)
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  1. \(\left(x^2 - 5 + \sqrt{3}\right) \left(x^2 - 5 - \sqrt{3}\right) \)
  2. \(\left(x^2 - 3 + \sqrt{3}\right) \left(x^2 - 3 - \sqrt{3}\right)\)
  3. \(\left(x^2 - 4 + \sqrt{3}\right) \left(x^2 - 4 - \sqrt{3}\right) \)
  4. \(\left(x^2 - 2 + \sqrt{3}\right) \left(x^2 - 2 - \sqrt{3}\right)\)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : \(\left(x^2 - 5 + \sqrt{3}\right) \left(x^2 - 5 - \sqrt{3}\right) \)
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RRB NTPC Graduate Level Full Test - 01
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दिया गया है:

बहुपद: x4 − 10x2 + 22

प्रयुक्त सूत्र:

द्विघात सूत्र: समीकरण ax2 + bx + c = 0 के लिए, x = \(\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}\)

गणना:

माना, y = x2 है, दिए गए बहुपद को y में एक द्विघात समीकरण के रूप में लिखा जा सकता है:

y2 - 10y + 22 = 0

y के लिए मूल ज्ञात करने के लिए द्विघात सूत्र का उपयोग करने पर, जहाँ a = 1, b = -10, c = 22 है:

y = \(\frac{-(-10) \pm \sqrt{(-10)^2 - 4 \times 1 \times 22}}{2 \times 1}\)

⇒ y = \(\frac{10 \pm \sqrt{100 - 88}}{2}\)

⇒ y = \(\frac{10 \pm \sqrt{12}}{2}\)

⇒ y = \(\frac{10 \pm 2\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

⇒ y = 5 \(\pm\) \(\sqrt{3}\)

इसलिए, y के दो मूल हैं:

y1 = 5 + \(\sqrt{3}\)

y2 = 5 - \(\sqrt{3}\)

इसलिए, y में द्विघात को इस प्रकार गुणनखंडित किया जा सकता है:

(y - y1)(y - y2) = (y - (5 + \(\sqrt{3}\)))(y - (5 - \(\sqrt{3}\)))

वापस y = x2 प्रतिस्थापित करें:

(x2 - (5 + \(\sqrt{3}\)))(x2 - (5 - \(\sqrt{3}\)))

∴ बहुपद x4 − 10x2 + 22 का दो द्विघात बहुपदों के गुणनफल में गुणनखंड (x2 - (5 + \(\sqrt{3}\)))(x2 - (5 - \(\sqrt{3}\))) है।

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