Which of the following terms describes a material that becomes magnetised in the presence of an external magnetic field and loses its magnetism once the field is removed?

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  1. Hard magnetic material
  2. Ferromagnetic material
  3. Soft magnetic material 
  4. Permanent magnet 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Soft magnetic material 
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is  3) Soft magnetic material

Explanation:

  • A soft magnetic material is easily magnetized when an external magnetic field is applied and loses its magnetism when the field is removed.

  • It has low coercivity and low retentivity, making it ideal for applications like transformer cores and electromagnets where temporary magnetism is needed.

Additional Information

  • 1) Hard magnetic material:
    Retains magnetism even after the external field is removed (used in permanent magnets).

  • 2) Ferromagnetic material:
    A general term for materials (like iron, cobalt, nickel) that show strong magnetic properties, which can be soft or hard.

  • 4) Permanent magnet:
    Made of hard magnetic material; keeps its magnetism permanently.

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