Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure of O3

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SSC CGL 2023 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On: 18 Jul 2023 Shift 1)
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  1. c
  2. a
  3. b
  4. d

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : d
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is d.

Key Points

  • Each of the three oxygen atoms in an O3 molecule has six valence electrons. This totals 18 valence electrons for the molecule.
  • In the central oxygen atom, two bonds are formed: one with each of the two other Oxygen atoms.
  • It utilizes 4 out of 18 electrons, leaving us with 14 electrons.
  • The rest of the 14 electrons are distributed as lone pairs. Each oxygen atom receives three lone pairs (2 electrons form a pair), which account for 6 x 3 = 18 electrons. This includes the electrons shared in the bonds.
  • But for total 18 electrons, two electrons are needed from somewhere else.
  • These electron pair is provided by another oxygen atom, forming a double bond between the central oxygen and one of the peripheral oxygen atoms.

So, the Lewis structure of O3 can be denoted as O-O=O, where "-" denotes a single bond containing 2 electrons and "=" denotes a double bond which contains 4 electrons. One oxygen forms a single bond with the central oxygen, while another forms a double bond. Each oxygen atom also has 6 electrons (or 3 pairs) forming lone pairs around them.

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