The primary function of which globular structure is to produce and assemble the ribosomes of the cell?

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SSC JE Civil 07 Jun 2024 Shift 1 Official Paper - 1
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  1. Chromatin
  2. Centriole
  3. Peroxisomes
  4. Nucleolus

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Nucleolus
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The correct answer is Nucleolus.

Key Points

  • The nucleolus is a prominent sub-structure within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
  • Its primary function is to produce and assemble ribosome components.
  • It is composed of proteins, DNA, and RNA, and it is the site where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized.
  • After synthesis, the rRNA combines with proteins to form ribosomal subunits, which are then exported to the cytoplasm.
  • The nucleolus plays a critical role in the cell's ability to produce proteins, as ribosomes are the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis.
  • It is also involved in cell cycle regulation and the response to cellular stress.

 Additional Information

  • Chromatin
    • Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells.
    • Its primary functions are to package DNA into a more compact, denser shape, and to regulate gene expression and DNA replication.
    • Chromatin is found in the nucleus and can be seen as either euchromatin (less condensed) or heterochromatin (more condensed).
  • Centriole
    • A centriole is a cylindrical cell structure composed mainly of a protein called tubulin.
    • Centriole functions primarily in cell division, where it helps in the formation of the spindle fibers that separate chromosomes.
    • They are also involved in the formation of cilia and flagella, which are important for cell movement.
  • Peroxisomes
    • Peroxisomes are small, membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
    • They contain enzymes that oxidize certain molecules normally found in the cell, notably fatty acids and amino acids.
    • Peroxisomes play a key role in metabolism, detoxification, and reactive oxygen species detoxification.
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Last updated on May 28, 2025

-> SSC JE notification 2025 for Civil Engineering will be released on June 30. 

-> Candidates can fill the SSC JE CE application from June 30 to July 21.

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