The Mughal Empire declined during ________.

  1. First half of 17th century
  2. First Half of 19th Century
  3. First half of 18th Century
  4. First half of 16th Century

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : First half of 18th Century
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Detailed Solution

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The Correct Answer is First half of the 18th Century.

Key Points:

  • The Mughal dynasty is a Turkish-Mongol Muslim-origin dynasty that ruled most of Northern India from the early 16th to mid-18th century.
  • During Muhammad Shah's reign (1719–48), the empire began to disintegrate, a process accelerated by dynastic warfare, factional rivalries, and the Iranian conqueror Nadir Shah's brief but disruptive invasion of Northern India in 1739.
  • After the death of Muhammad Shah in 1748, nearly all of Northern India was overrun by the Marathas.
  • After his involvement with the Indian Mutiny of 1857–58, the British exiled the last Mughal, Bahādur Shah II (reigned 1837–57), to Yangon, Myanmar (Rangoon, Burma)
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