The elements such as Boron, Silicon and Germanium are classified as _________.

The correct answer is Metalloids.

Key Points

• Metalloids are elements that exhibit properties of both metals and non-metals.
• Boron (B), Silicon (Si), and Germanium (Ge) are commonly classified as metalloids due to their intermediate characteristics.
• Metalloids are typically found along the "stair-step" line of the periodic table that separates metals and non-metals.
• They are semiconductors, which means they conduct electricity under certain conditions, making them valuable in electronics.
• Metalloids often form covalent bonds and have variable oxidation states, contributing to their unique chemical behavior.

Additional Information

• Periodic Table Classification:
  • The periodic table is divided into metals, non-metals, and metalloids based on their physical and chemical properties.
  • Metalloids lie on the dividing line (zigzag pattern) between metals and non-metals, including elements such as Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, and Tellurium.
• Semiconductors:
  • Metalloids like Silicon and Germanium are widely used as semiconductors in electronic devices such as transistors and integrated circuits.
  • Semiconductors have a conductivity that is between that of conductors (metals) and insulators (non-metals).
• Applications:
  • Boron is used in the production of borosilicate glass and as a doping agent in semiconductors.
  • Silicon is a key material in the electronics industry and is used in solar panels and computer chips.
  • Germanium is used in infrared optics, fiber-optic systems, and as a semiconductor material.
• Characteristics of Metalloids:
  • They often have a metallic appearance but are brittle like non-metals.
  • Metalloids can react differently depending on the substances they interact with, showing metallic or non-metallic chemical behavior.