Mathura was the second capital of _________ dynasty.

The correct answer is Kushana.

Key Points

• The Kushana dynasty was a prominent dynasty in ancient India, known for its significant role in the development of culture and trade.
• Mathura served as the second capital of the Kushana dynasty, with the first capital being Purushapura (modern-day Peshawar).
• Kanishka, one of the most notable rulers of the Kushana dynasty, played a crucial role in promoting Buddhism and patronizing art and culture.
• The Kushanas are well-known for their contributions to the spread of Mahayana Buddhism across the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia.

Additional Information

• Kanishka the Great:
  • Kanishka was a renowned emperor of the Kushana dynasty, ruling during the 2nd century CE.
  • He is credited with organizing the Fourth Buddhist Council in Kashmir, which led to the formal adoption of Mahayana Buddhism.
  • Kanishka is also known for his patronage of art, architecture, and the establishment of the Silk Road.
• Kushana Coinage:
  • The Kushanas introduced gold coinage in India, which featured the images of their kings and various deities.
  • Their coins played a significant role in facilitating trade and commerce in the region.
• Gandhara Art:
  • The Kushana period saw the flourishing of Gandhara art, which is a unique blend of Indian and Greco-Roman artistic traditions.
  • This style is particularly noted for its exquisite Buddhist sculptures and stupas.
• Silk Road:
  • The Kushanas played a pivotal role in the development of the Silk Road, which was a network of trade routes connecting the East and West.
  • This facilitated cultural exchanges and the spread of Buddhism across Asia.