Humus, a dark colored amorphous substance is formed as a result of which process? 

The correct answer is Humification.

Key Points

• Humus is a dark-colored, amorphous substance that is formed due to the process of humification.
  • Humification is the process by which dead organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant and animal remains, are broken down by microorganisms and transformed into humus.
• It is an important component of soil, as it improves soil fertility, water retention, and nutrient availability.
• It is a complex mixture of organic compounds, including humic acids, fulvic acids, and humin.
  • Humic acids are the most abundant and important component of humus, and they play a key role in soil fertility by improving soil structure, nutrient availability, and water retention.
  • Fulvic acids are smaller and more soluble than humic acids, and they are involved in the transport of nutrients and other substances within the soil.
  • Humin is a highly stable component of humus that is resistant to further decomposition.

Additional Information

• Fragmentation is the process by which large pieces of organic matter are broken down into smaller pieces, but it does not result in the formation of humus.
• Leaching is the process by which water carries dissolved nutrients and other substances from the soil surface to deeper layers, but it does not result in the formation of humus.
• Mineralization is the process by which microorganisms break down organic matter and release nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur into the soil to be easily available forms to plants.