Glycolysis occurs in which part of the cell?

The correct answer is 1 i.e. Cytoplasm.

Key Points

Glycolysis:

• The term glycolysis has originated from the Greek words, glycos for sugar, and lysis for splitting.
• The scheme of glycolysis was given by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas, and is often referred to as the EMP pathway.
• In anaerobic organisms, it is the only process in respiration.
• Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and is present in all living organisms.
• In this process, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid.
• In plants, this glucose is derived from sucrose, which is the end product of photosynthesis, or from storage carbohydrates.
• Sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose by the enzyme, invertase, and these two monosaccharides readily enter the glycolytic pathway.
• Glucose and fructose are phosphorylated to give rise to glucose-6- phosphate by the activity of the enzyme hexokinase.
• This phosphorylated form of glucose then isomerizes to produce fructose-6- phosphate.
• Subsequent steps of metabolism of glucose and fructose are the same.
• In glycolysis, a chain of ten reactions, under the control of different enzymes, takes place to produce pyruvate from glucose.