Measurement of Intelligence MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Measurement of Intelligence - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

Evaluation is integral to the teaching-learning process as it helps in facilitating student learning and improving instruction.

• It is a systematic way of collecting information to make a judgment about student learning.
• It is conducted during different stages of a teaching-learning process, i.e. at the beginning, during, and at the end.

Key Points

Norm-Referenced Test is one of the approaches to evaluate in the educational setting:

Norm-Referenced Test:

• The Norm-referenced test (NRT) is a standardized test that helps to determine a student’s place in the ranking.
• It is an attempt to interpret the test results in terms of the performance of a certain group. This group is a norms group because it serves as a referent of the norm for making the judgment. 
• It is conducted to know the relative position rank of the students in a well-defined population or group.
• It is conducted at the end of a term, naturally school board examinations.
• It is used to ascertain an individual’s status with respect to the performance of other individuals on that test.
• There is no fixed instructional objective. The importance is given to the course objectives.
• This test is based on some national norms that help in curriculum construction and also for curriculum validation.
• The measurement is made in terms of a class or any other norm group as the function is to relate the individual to some norm group (class).
• The purpose is to produce response variance, i.e., to see the extent to which an individual varies or differs from the performance of the group to which she/he belongs or does not belong.
• Almost all our classroom tests, standardized tests, and public examinations are NRT as they are interpreted in terms of a particular class, and judgments are formed with reference to the class which is considered as a type.​

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that student’s performance is compared with established criteria, is not true for norm reference test.

Intelligence refers to the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge. It is the ability to solve problems, learn from experiences, and apply knowledge to deal with new situations.

Key Points

Types of Intelligence Test

Hence, non-verbal tests can also be called performance tests.

Key Points

• IQ tests aim to measure cognitive abilities and provide a score that represents an individual's intelligence quotient.
• However, critics argue that IQ tests may not fully account for the impact of environmental factors, such as socioeconomic status, education, cultural background, and access to resources.
• These environmental factors can significantly influence a person's opportunities for intellectual stimulation, educational experiences, and exposure to different types of knowledge.
• Therefore, critics argue that IQ tests may not accurately assess an individual's true intellectual potential since they do not sufficiently consider the influence of these external factors.

Additional InformationIQ tests have been criticized for a number of reasons, including:

• They are not always culturally fair. IQ tests are often developed in Western cultures and may not be appropriate for people from other cultures.
• They do not measure all aspects of intelligence. IQ tests typically measure a narrow range of abilities, such as verbal skills, reasoning skills, and memory. 
• They can be biased against certain groups of people. IQ tests have been shown to be biased against certain groups of people, such as people from low-income families and people with disabilities. 

Intelligence refers to a set of different cognitive abilities to think rationally, act purposefully, resolve problems, and deal with the demands of the environment. In 1912, William Stern suggested the concept called Intelligent Quotient (IQ). It refers to the score of a standardized test that assesses and measures human intelligence.

An individual’s Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is determined by the formula given below,

\({\bf{Intelligence}}\;{\bf{Quotient}}\;\left( {{\bf{IQ}}} \right) = \frac{{{\bf{Mental}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{MA}}} \right)\;}}{{{\bf{Chronological}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{CA}}} \right)}} \times 100\)

Where,

• Mental Age is based on intellectual development.
• Chronological Age is the number of years a person has lived.
• Here given MA = 10 and CA = 10 then using formula we get IQ = 100.

Important Points

I.Q. Table Based on differences related to I.Q.:

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that the learners belong to the average intelligent class.

Intelligence Quotient is commonly known as IQ refers to the score of a standardized test that assesses and measures human intelligence.

• The first test to measure intelligence was developed by Binet and Simon in 1905. 
• Terman in 1916 revised the test and devised the concept of Intelligence Quotient.
• An individual’s Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is determined by the formula given below,

\({\bf{Intelligence}}\;{\bf{Quotient}}\;\left( {{\bf{IQ}}} \right) = \frac{{{\bf{Mental}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{MA}}} \right)\;}}{{{\bf{Chronological}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{CA}}} \right)}} \times 100\)

• Where, Mental Age is based on intellectual development.
• Chronological Age is the number of years a person has lived.

Hence, it could be concluded that MA/CA × 100 is the formula to calculate IQ.

Additional Information

Raven's Progressive Matrices:

• It was originally developed by Dr. John C. Raven in 1936.
• A Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test is a test designed to measure your non-verbal group test, abstract, and cognitive functioning.
• It is typically used in educational settings
• In the test, a candidate is presented with a matrix of 3x3 geometric designs, with one piece missing.

Key Points

The matrices are posed in three different forms for participants of different ability:

1) Standard Progressive Matrices:

• These were the original form of the matrices, first published in 1938.
• The booklet comprises five sets (A to E) of 12 items each (e.g., A1 through A12), with items within a set becoming increasingly difficult, requiring the ever-greater cognitive capacity to encode and analyze information.
• All items are presented in black ink on a white background.

2) Coloured Progressive Matrices:

• The CPM is internationally recognized as a culture-fair test of nonverbal intelligence, designed for use with children between the ages of 5½ and 11½.
• Designed for younger children, the elderly, and people with moderate or severe learning difficulties, this test contains sets A and B from the standard matrices, with a further set of 12 items inserted between the two, as set Ab.
• Most items are presented on a colored background to make the test visually stimulating for participants. However the very last few items in set B are presented as black-on-white; in this way, if a subject exceeds the tester's expectations, the transition to sets C, D, and E of the standard matrices is eased.

3) Advanced Progressive Matrices:

• The advanced form of the matrices contains 48 items, presented as one set of 12 (set I), and another of 36 (set II).
• Items are again presented in black ink on a white background and become increasingly difficult as progress is made through each set.
• These items are appropriate for adults and adolescents of above-average intelligence.

Raven’s Progressive Matrices is a Nonverbal test, group test, and cultural fair test.

Intelligence tests can be defined as a test to evaluate the general level of cognitive functions and intellectual ability. Intelligence tests differ a lot in the content and the way of measurement. These differences arrive from the theoretical background intelligence test follow.

Key Points

Non-Verbal Group Intelligence Tests:

• The verbal intelligence tests are meant only for the literates because of the requirement of linguistic ability. It is for this reason that the nonverbal group intelligence tests have been developed.
• The examinee makes minimum use of language but performing, many activities.

Advantages of Non-Verbal Group Intelligence Tests:

I.Intelligence Testing In Children:

• Linguistic ability is deficient in the case of children. Consequently, verbal group intelligence cannot be given to them.

• A large number of students can be covered under this test in less time.

II.Comparison Of Various Human Groups:

• The primary problem in the comparison of human groups of several languages and cultures is the variation in their language.
• This problem can be overcome by non-verbal group intelligence tests and comparison among different human groups is reduced possibly.

III.The Testing Of Illiterate Soldiers:

• The verbal group intelligence tests are unsuitable to illiterate soldiers for testing of their intelligence. So, a non-verbal group intelligence test is suitable for them.

Hence, from the above explanations, it can be concluded that non-verbal group tests generally test the intelligence of children.

Definitions of Intelligence:

• According to Binet, ‘Intelligence means the capacity to judge well, to reason well and to comprehend well.’
• According to Terman, ‘Intelligence means the ability to think in terms of abstract ideas.’

Important Points

An intelligence test is a test designed to determine the relative mental capacity of a person. It measures a person’s intelligence.

List of Intelligence Tests:

• Gesell Scale

• Binet-Sinon Scale
• Merrill-Palmer Scale
• Nancy Bayley's Tests
• Dartington Intelligence Scale
• Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

Key Points Precautions for Using Intelligence Test:

• Do not predict any negative result of student’s tests
• Don’t use IQ tests as the main or sole characteristics of competence
• Be cautious in interpreting the meaningfulness of an overall IQ score
• Avoid unwarranted stereotypes and negative expectations
• Keep in mind the IQ score of every individual
• Go over your answers at the end

Hence, it becomes clear that Individual assessment of intelligence is a structured interaction between the examiner and the student, is not a precaution for using intelligence test.

Intelligence Quotient is abbreviated as IQ. IQ is a measurement of a person’s intelligence and it is measured in number. The average IQ of a person is 100.

An individual’s Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is determined by the formula:

\({\bf{Intelligence}}\;{\bf{Quotient}}\;\left( {{\bf{IQ}}} \right) = \frac{{{\bf{Mental}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{MA}}} \right)\;}}{{{\bf{Chronological}}\;{\bf{Age}}\;\left( {{\bf{CA}}} \right)}} \times 100\)

where Mental Age is based on your intellectual development.

Chronological Age is the number of years a person has lived.

Given: CA = 25 years∴80=MA10×100" id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" role="presentation" style="display: inline; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0">∴80=MA10×100∴80=MA10×100" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" role="presentation" style="position: relative;" tabindex="0">[Math Processing Error]∴80=MA10×100 ∴80=MA10×100

MA = 16 years

\(\therefore IQ = \frac{{{\bf{16}}}}{{25}} \times 100\)

IQ = 64

Hence, we can conclude that the IQ of a 25-year-old boy whose mental age is 16 will be 64.

Intelligence Quotient is abbreviated as IQ. IQ is a measurement of a person’s intelligence and it is measured in number. The average IQ of a person is 100.

Key Points 

• Intelligence quotient (IQ) applies to mental age (MA) expressed as a ratio of chronological age (CA) multiplied by 100.
• In 1916, the revised version was published and named the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. This test used a number of IQ.
• It provided a formula to measure the IQ that is dividing the person’s mental age by his chronological age and then multiplying the result with 100.

\(IQ = \frac{{{\rm{\;}}Mental\;age}}{{Chronological\;age\;}}\; \times 100\)

Here, 100 is multiplied to avoid the fractions in the result of the division.

• For IQ to remain firm, MA must increase with CA over time.

Thus it is clear that intelligence quotient (IQ) is defined as a person's mental age is divided by the person's chronological age, multiplied by 100.