Basic Concepts of Intelligence MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Basic Concepts of Intelligence - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The concept of Mental Age is fundamental in the field of educational psychology and intelligence testing. It refers to the level of intellectual functioning or cognitive ability of an individual, expressed in terms of the age at which an average person reaches the same level of performance.

Key Points

•  Alfred Binet introduced the concept of Mental Age while developing the first practical intelligence test.
• Their goal was to identify children in schools who required special educational support.
• Binet observed that some children performed at intellectual levels different from their actual (chronological) age, leading him to propose the idea of Mental Age.
• For example, if a 7-year-old child performs like an average 9-year-old, their mental age would be considered 9.

Hint

• Cattell contributed to the field of intelligence by distinguishing between fluid and crystallized intelligence, not the concept of mental age.
• William Stern introduced the IQ formula (Mental Age ÷ Chronological Age × 100) but did not create the concept of mental age itself.
• Edward Thorndike is known for his work on learning theory and the "Law of Effect," not intelligence testing or the mental age concept.

Hence, the correct answer is Binet.

J.P. Guilford, an American psychologist, was a prominent figure in the field of psychometrics and cognitive psychology.He is best known for his influential work on the structure of intellect and his development of the Structure of Intellect (SOI) model.

Key Points

• Convergent thinking refers to the cognitive process of narrowing down multiple possibilities to find a single correct answer or solution to a problem.
• It is often associated with traditional intelligence tests and measures of analytical thinking.
• In contrast, divergent thinking, also discussed by Guilford, involves generating multiple ideas or solutions to a problem, often associated with creativity.
• Therefore, while Guilford's work encompassed both intelligence and creativity, convergent thinking specifically relates to the domain of intelligence.

Thus, Guilford used the term convergent thinking primarily in the context of Intelligence.

Gender refers to the socially and culturally constructed system that attributes meaning to what it means to be a male or a female in a particular society.

Key Points

• The statement ''Men are generally more intelligent than women'' shows gender bias as gender has no relation to the intelligence of an individual.
• Gender bias occurs when we make assumptions regarding the behaviors, abilities, or preferences of students based upon their gender.
• It is the belief that someone prioritizes one gender more than the other one. 
• It is a preference or prejudice toward one gender over the other for example preferring boys over girls during an activity.
• Gender bias has been observed in most parts of society as it is believed that males are superior to females.
• Female is considered to be an inferior gender and considered physically and emotionally weak.

Hence, it is concluded that option 1 is the correct answer.

The Stanford-Binet intelligence scale which is still in use today was developed in 1916 while Lewis Terman, a psychologist from Stanford University, translated into English and revised the tasks created by Binet and his collaborator Theodore Simon in 1904. The following are the key points related to Binet:

• He built a laboratory in London in 1882 to study human characteristics.
• Binet and Simon created a test in 1905, called the "New Methods for Diagnosing Idiocy, Imbecility, and Moron Status.
• He launched the field of psychological testing.

Hence, we conclude that Alfred Binet built a laboratory in London in 1882 to study human characteristics.