Sustainable development MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Sustainable development - Download Free PDF

The correct Answer is Reduced inequalities.  
Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal 10 aims at reducing inequality within and among countries. 
• This SDG calls for reducing inequalities in income as well as those based on age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, or economic status within a country. 
• To bring about sustainable development, the United Nations (UN) launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and SDGs.
• There are 17 goals and 169 specific targets to be achieved by 2030.
• SDGs are not legally binding.

Additional InformationSDG Goals are: 

• SDG 1: No Poverty
• SDG 2: Zero Hunger
• SDG 3: Good Health & Well-being
• SDG 4: Quality Education
• SDG 5: Gender Equality
• SDG 6: Clean Water & Sanitation
• SDG 7: Affordable & Clean Energy
• SDG 8: Decent Work & Economic Growth
• SDG 9: Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure
• SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities
• SDG 11: Sustainable Cities & Communities
• SDG 12: Responsible Consumption & Production
• SDG 13: Climate Action
• SDG 14: Life Below Water
• SDG 15: Life on Land
• SDG 16: Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions
• SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals

Key Points

• Gender inequality is directly addressed by Goal 5: Gender Equality, which aims to eliminate discrimination against women and girls globally and ensure equal opportunities.
• Youth unemployment relates to Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, which focuses on promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment, and decent work for all.
• Inadequate healthcare aligns with Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being, emphasizing access to quality health services and reducing global health inequalities.
• Food insecurity is a key target of Goal 2: Zero Hunger, which seeks to end hunger, achieve food security, and improve nutrition while promoting sustainable agriculture.

Additional Information

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
  • Adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, the SDGs are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all by 2030.
  • There are 17 SDGs and 169 associated targets addressing global challenges, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, and justice.
• Goal 5: Gender Equality
  • Key targets include ending all forms of discrimination, eliminating harmful practices like child marriage, and ensuring women’s full participation in leadership roles.
  • Gender equality is critical for achieving other SDGs, as it contributes to economic growth, social development, and environmental sustainability.
• Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
  • This goal focuses on sustained economic growth, higher productivity, and technological innovation while addressing unemployment, particularly among youth.
  • Promoting entrepreneurship, job creation, and safe working environments are core priorities.
• Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being
  • Ensures healthy lives and promotes well-being for all at all ages, with a focus on reducing maternal mortality, combating diseases, and improving mental health.
  • Universal health coverage and access to essential medicines and vaccines are key components.
• Goal 2: Zero Hunger
  • Aims to end hunger and malnutrition by promoting sustainable agricultural practices and improving food production systems.
  • Focuses on doubling agricultural productivity and ensuring access to nutritious food for all, especially the vulnerable and impoverished populations.

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7: Focuses on ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all, emphasizing renewable energy and energy efficiency.
• Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12: Promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns, including responsible resource management and minimizing waste.
• Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13: Calls for urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts, aligning with the Paris Agreement and global climate strategies.
• Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15: Aims to protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, including forests, biodiversity, and combating desertification.
• The alignment of SDGs with their descriptions highlights the interconnected nature of global challenges and the need for comprehensive solutions.

Additional Information

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Adopted by the United Nations in 2015, the SDGs consist of 17 global goals aimed at addressing poverty, inequality, climate change, and environmental degradation by 2030.
• SDG 7: Recognizes the importance of renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power in achieving energy sustainability.
• SDG 12: Encourages the adoption of circular economy principles, reducing waste generation, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
• SDG 13: Supports mitigation, adaptation, and resilience-building measures to address the impacts of climate change on vulnerable communities.
• SDG 15: Advocates for the preservation of ecosystems, including combating deforestation, habitat loss, and species extinction, to ensure biodiversity conservation.

Key Points

• In August 2023, NITI Aayog signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to accelerate the progress of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in India.
• This collaboration aims to strengthen data-driven decision-making and enhance monitoring mechanisms for achieving India’s SDG targets.
• The partnership focuses on key areas such as poverty alleviation, gender equality, climate action, and economic growth for sustainable development.
• UNDP will provide technical expertise, knowledge resources, and global best practices to support NITI Aayog in its mission.
• The MoU is part of India’s larger commitment to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the United Nations in 2015.

Additional Information

• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):
  • UNDP is the United Nations' global development network, established in 1965.
  • It works in nearly 170 countries to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities, and support sustainable development.
  • UNDP plays a key role in assisting nations to achieve the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
  • Also known as the Global Goals, they are a set of 17 interconnected objectives adopted by the UN in 2015.
  • They aim to address global challenges like poverty, inequality, climate change, and peace by 2030.
  • Some key goals include “No Poverty,” “Zero Hunger,” “Climate Action,” and “Quality Education.”

Key Points

• Agricultural expansion is a leading driver of deforestation globally, as forests are cleared to create croplands and pastures for food production.
• Urban development contributes significantly to habitat loss, replacing natural ecosystems with infrastructure such as roads, buildings, and cities.
• Commercial farming practices, including monoculture crops like palm oil and soy, account for a large portion of deforestation activities.
• Deforestation for agriculture and urbanization disrupts biodiversity, causing the extinction of species dependent on forest habitats.

Additional Information

• Deforestation:
  • The permanent removal of trees to make way for agriculture, urban development, or other land uses.
  • Major contributors include logging, mining, and infrastructure development.
  • Deforestation accelerates climate change by increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
  • It also leads to soil erosion and disruption of water cycles.
• Biodiversity Loss:
  • Refers to the decline in the variety of living organisms in a specific region.
  • Deforestation and habitat fragmentation are primary causes of species extinction.
  • Biodiversity is vital for ecosystem stability and human survival, offering resources such as medicine and food.
• Urban Sprawl:
  • The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into natural ecosystems.
  • Urban sprawl increases habitat destruction and contributes to pollution.
  • Sustainable urban planning aims to mitigate these negative effects.
• Sustainable Agriculture:
  • Involves farming practices that maintain soil health and protect natural ecosystems.
  • Examples include agroforestry and crop rotation.
  • Sustainable agriculture reduces the pressure on forests and promotes biodiversity conservation.

The correct answer is SDG 6.

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal 6 ensures availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• Sustainable Development Goal 6 is about "clean water and sanitation for all."
• The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.
• They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace, and justice.
• The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 strives to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social, and environmental.

Additional Information

• There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals-
  • GOAL 1: No Poverty.
  • GOAL 2: Zero Hunger.
  • GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being.
  • GOAL 4: Quality Education.
  • GOAL 5: Gender Equality.
  • GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation.
  • GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy.
  • GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth.
  • GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.
  • GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality.
  • GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities.
  • GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.
  • GOAL 13: Climate Action.
  • GOAL 14: Life Below Water.
  • GOAL 15: Life on Land.
  • GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions.
  • GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal.

The correct answer is SDG 15.

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)15 seeks to ‘Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.
• The United Nations General Assembly adopted the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" in 2015, with global goals.
• The 193 members of GA  adopted the framework "Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" with 17 goals & 169 targets.

Additional Information

• Those 17 goals are:
  • GOAL 1: No Poverty
  • GOAL 2: Zero Hunger
  • GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being
  • GOAL 4: Quality Education
  • GOAL 5: Gender Equality
  • GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
  • GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
  • GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
  • GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
  • GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality
  • GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
  • GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
  • GOAL 13: Climate Action
  • GOAL 14: Life Below Water
  • GOAL 15: Life on Land
  • GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
  • GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal

The correct answer is Space Research.

Important Points

• In September 2015, the General Assembly of the United Nation adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development that includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Building on the principle of “leaving no one behind”, the new Agenda emphasizes a holistic approach to achieving sustainable development for all
• The 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to transform our world:
  • GOAL 1: No Poverty
  • GOAL 2: Zero Hunger
  • GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being
  • GOAL 4: Quality Education
  • GOAL 5: Gender Equality
  • GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
  • GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
  • GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
  • GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
  • GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality
  • GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
  • GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
  • GOAL 13: Climate Action
  • GOAL 14: Life Below Water
  • GOAL 15: Life on Land
  • GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
  • GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• The Sustainable Development Goals agenda was accepted by all members of the United Nations in 2012 at the Rio De Janeiro Council Meet with an aim to promote a healthy and developed future of the planet and its people.
• It was in 2015 when the Sustainable Development Goals were implemented after a successful fifteen-year plan of development called the Millennium Development Goals. 
• The 17 goals under the Sustainable Development Goals are as mentioned below:
  • SDG 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
  • SDG 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
  • SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
  • SDG 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
  • SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
  • SDG 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
  • SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
  • SDG 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
  • SDG 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
  • SDG 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
  • SDG 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
  • SDG 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
  • SDG 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
  • SDG 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
  • SDG 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems.
  • SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
  • SDG 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

The correct answer is to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.

Key Points

• The UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
• The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Global Goals are a collection of 17 interlinked goals.
• The SDGs were set in 2015 by the United Nations General Assembly and are intended to be achieved by the year 2030.
• They are included in a UN Resolution called the Agenda 2030. 

Additional Information

• The 17 SDGs are:
  1. No Poverty.
  2. Zero Hunger.
  3. Good Health and Well-being.
  4. Quality Education.
  5. Gender Equality.
  6. Clean Water and Sanitation.
  7. Affordable and Clean Energy.
  8. Decent Work and Economic Growth.
  9. Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.
  10. Reducing Inequality.
  11. Sustainable Cities and Communities.
  12. Responsible Consumption and Production.
  13. Climate Action.
  14. Life Below Water.
  15. Life On Land.
  16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions.
  17. Partnerships for the Goals.

The correct Answer is Reduced inequalities.  
Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal 10 aims at reducing inequality within and among countries. 
• This SDG calls for reducing inequalities in income as well as those based on age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, or economic status within a country. 
• To bring about sustainable development, the United Nations (UN) launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and SDGs.
• There are 17 goals and 169 specific targets to be achieved by 2030.
• SDGs are not legally binding.

Additional InformationSDG Goals are: 

• SDG 1: No Poverty
• SDG 2: Zero Hunger
• SDG 3: Good Health & Well-being
• SDG 4: Quality Education
• SDG 5: Gender Equality
• SDG 6: Clean Water & Sanitation
• SDG 7: Affordable & Clean Energy
• SDG 8: Decent Work & Economic Growth
• SDG 9: Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure
• SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities
• SDG 11: Sustainable Cities & Communities
• SDG 12: Responsible Consumption & Production
• SDG 13: Climate Action
• SDG 14: Life Below Water
• SDG 15: Life on Land
• SDG 16: Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions
• SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals

Space Research is NOT a 'Sustainable Development Goal' (SDG) target to be achieved by 2030.

• Quality Education: SDG 4
• Gender Equality: SDG 5
• Zero Hunger: SDG 2

Key Points

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):

• To bring sustainable development into the mainstream United Nations (UN) launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and SDGs.
• This universal, integrated, and transformative agenda aims to spur actions that will end poverty and build a more sustainable world over the next 15 years.
• There are 17 goals and 169 targets specific targets to be achieved by 2030. Reaching the goals requires action on all fronts – governments, businesses, civil society, and people everywhere all have a role to play.
• SDGs are not legally binding.

The correct answer is Brundtland Commission Report.

• Sustainable development was developed for the first time in the Brundtland Commission Report in 1987.
• The Brundtland Report was published by the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987.
• According to the report, "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."

Additional Information

• The first Earth Summit, took place in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992.
• The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Agenda 21, Convention on Biological Diversity, Forest Principles and the Framework Convention on Climate Change came out of the 1992 Earth Summit.

The correct answer is 'Metal'

Key Points

• Metal:
  • Metals such as aluminum, steel, and iron have one of the highest recycling potentials among household waste materials.
  • The recycling process for metals involves melting down the metal objects and reforming them into new products.
  • This process can be repeated numerous times without degrading the quality of the metal, making it a highly sustainable option.
  • Recycling metals saves significant amounts of energy and reduces the need for mining new raw materials.

Additional Information

• Vegetable scraps:
  • Vegetable scraps are excellent for composting but not suitable for traditional recycling processes.
  • Composting involves biological decomposition which turns vegetable waste into nutrient-rich soil, benefiting gardening and farming.
  • While beneficial, this does not fall into the same category as recycling materials like metals, which can be used repeatedly in manufacturing new products.
• Plastic:
  • Plastics have diverse recycling potentials, but not all plastics are recyclable, and the quality often degrades after each recycling cycle.
  • The recycling process for plastics can be complex and varies depending on the type of plastic.
  • Issues like contamination and the presence of different polymers in plastics make recycling less efficient compared to metals.
• Rubber:
  • Rubber, such as used tires, can be recycled, but the process is challenging and less common than metal recycling.
  • Recycled rubber is often ground into crumbs to be used in new rubber products, asphalt, or artificial turf.
  • While useful, the recycling potential of rubber is limited compared to metals and is not as environmentally efficient.

Important Points

• Recycling metals is crucial for reducing environmental impact and conserving energy resources
• Aluminum recycling saves up to 95% of the energy required to produce aluminum from raw materials.
• Steel is the most recycled material globally, significantly reducing the ecological footprint of steel production.
• Consumers are encouraged to separate metal waste from other types and dispose of it in designated recycling bins.

The correct answer is Haryali.

Key Points

• Hariyali is a watershed development and management program implemented by the central and state governments.
• The project is being implemented at the Grama Panchayat level with people's participation.
• The main objectives of the Hariyali program are:
  • Harvesting every drop of rainwater for purposes of irrigation, plantations to create sustainable sources of income for the village community as well as for drinking water supplies.
  • Overall development of rural areas by creating regular sources of income for the Panchayat from rainwater harvesting and management.
  • Employment generation and poverty alleviation in rural areas.
  • All the district level, ZP/DRDA shall be the nodal authority for the implementation of all the area development programs under the supervision and guidance of the State Government and the Government of India.
  • A meeting of the Gram Sabha/ Ward Sabha shall be convened for the preparation of the Action Plan/Watershed Treatment Plan.

Additional Information

• The Gram Panchayat shall maintain a separate account for the watershed project and all receipts from ZP/DRDA will be credited to this account.
• The Gram Panchayat shall constitute Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the watershed area.
• Neeru-Meeru is a programme in Andhra Pradesh was taken up constructions of various water harvesting structures dug out ponds, check dams through people participation.
• Arvary Pani Sansad programme is associated with Rajasthan.