Institutional and Organizational mechanisms MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Institutional and Organizational mechanisms - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is the Protection of the Ozone layer.

Key Points

• The protection of the Ozone layer is the main aim of the Montreal Protocol.
• The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that was adopted on September 16, 1987.
• It is aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer of the Earth.

Additional Information

• Initially, it was signed by 46 countries but now has nearly 200 signatories.

The correct answer is Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.

Key Points

• WCCB in the context of Environment and Forest stands for Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.
• Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is a statutory multi-disciplinary body.
• It was created to combat organized wildlife crime in the country.
• It was established by the Government of India under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
• The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau has its headquarter in New Delhi.
• The provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act of 2006 came into effect on 4th September 2006.

Important Points

• It became operational in the year 2008.
• It has five regional offices at Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, and Jabalpur and three sub-regional offices at Guwahati, Amritsar, and Cochin.
• It assists foreign governments and international organisations in facilitating coordination and universal action in the fight against wildlife crime.

Concept:

• Pollution is any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of air, land, water, or soil.
• Agents that bring about such an undesirable change are called pollutants
• Pollution can be broadly classified into 4 types Air pollution, Water pollution, Noise pollution & Soil pollution

​​

Explanation:

• Due to human activities such as disposing of industrial & nonbiodegradable wastes directly in the lakes & rivers our water bodies are becoming polluted in several parts of the world.
• Realizing the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the water bodies, the Government of India has passed the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 to safeguard our water resources.
• Thereby, the correct option is 1974

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1992.

Key Points

• The Earth Summit, also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992.
• It was a historic event that brought together leaders from 172 nations to address global environmental issues and sustainable development.
• Key documents produced at the summit include the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and Agenda 21, which laid the foundation for global environmental action.
• The summit also saw the introduction of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
• The 1992 Earth Summit emphasized the importance of international cooperation and sustainable development in tackling environmental challenges.

Additional Information

• Agenda 21
  • It is a comprehensive action plan developed at the Earth Summit to promote sustainable development globally, nationally, and locally.
  • It focuses on issues such as poverty alleviation, environmental conservation, and sustainable use of resources.
  • Agenda 21 serves as a blueprint for achieving balanced development while addressing environmental challenges.
• Rio Declaration
  • A set of 27 principles adopted at the Earth Summit to guide nations in sustainable environmental and economic development.
  • It emphasizes the responsibility of countries to ensure that their activities do not harm the environment of other nations.
• UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
  • The UNFCCC was opened for signature at the Earth Summit and came into force in 1994.
  • Its primary objective is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at levels that prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.
• Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
  • The CBD is a multilateral treaty aimed at conserving biological diversity, using biodiversity sustainably, and sharing the benefits of genetic resources equitably.
  • It was another key outcome of the 1992 Earth Summit.

Concept:

• Pollution is any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of air, land, water, or soil.
• Agents that bring about such an undesirable change are called pollutants
• Pollution can be broadly classified into 4 types Air pollution, Water pollution, Noise pollution & Soil pollution

​​

Explanation:

• Due to human activities such as disposing of industrial & nonbiodegradable wastes directly in the lakes & rivers our water bodies are becoming polluted in several parts of the world.
• Realizing the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the water bodies, the Government of India has passed the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 to safeguard our water resources.
• Thereby, the correct option is 1974

Additional Information

The correct answer is the Protection of the Ozone layer.

Key Points

• The protection of the Ozone layer is the main aim of the Montreal Protocol.
• The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty that was adopted on September 16, 1987.
• It is aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer of the Earth.

Additional Information

• Initially, it was signed by 46 countries but now has nearly 200 signatories.

The correct answer is Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.

Key Points

• WCCB in the context of Environment and Forest stands for Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.
• Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is a statutory multi-disciplinary body.
• It was created to combat organized wildlife crime in the country.
• It was established by the Government of India under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
• The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau has its headquarter in New Delhi.
• The provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act of 2006 came into effect on 4th September 2006.

Important Points

• It became operational in the year 2008.
• It has five regional offices at Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, and Jabalpur and three sub-regional offices at Guwahati, Amritsar, and Cochin.
• It assists foreign governments and international organisations in facilitating coordination and universal action in the fight against wildlife crime.

The correct answer is ​International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Key Points

• Red data book is the document established for documenting rare and endangered species of animals and plants.
• International Union for Conservation of Nature is the agency responsible for publishing information about endangered species worldwide.
  • The first international red data books were published in 1966.
  • ​International Union for Conservation of Nature is founded on 5^th October 1948.
  • The headquarter is in Gland, Switzerland.
  • Julian Huxley is the founder of the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
• The United States Environmental Protection Agency is the independent executive agency for environmental protection matters.
• The European Environment Agency is the agency of the European Union that provides independent information on the environment.
• Environmental Defense Fund is a United States-based nonprofit environmental advocacy group. 

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. 1992.

Key Points:

• The Earth Summit 1992  is also known as The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).

The Outcome of Earth Summit 1992 - 

Agenda 21 -

• It is a non - binding action plan of the United Nations related to sustainable development.
• It is the outcome of Earth Summit 1992.
• The number 21 refers to an agenda for the 21st century.
• Since 2015, Sustainable Developments goals are included in the Agenda 2030.

​Landmark Agreement - 

• An agreement on the climate change convention which in turn led to the Kyoto Protocol and The Paris Agreement.
• Convention on Biological Diversity - 
  • ​The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the international legal instrument for "the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources" that has been ratified by 196 nations.
• United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification -
  • UNCCD is a Convention to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs (NAP).
  • It is the only internationally legally binding framework set up to address desertification.

Sustainable Development Goals - 

• To bring sustainable developments in the mainstream United Nations Launched the 2030 Agenda for sustainable Developments and SDG.
• Highlights - 
  • 17 Goals
  • 169 targets 
  • Target to achieved by 2030
  • SDGs are not legally binding

Correct Answer International guidelines to control the transboundary movements of hazardous wastes between different countries.

Key Points:

The correct answer is Central Inland Water Transport Corporation: Vishakhapatnam.

Key Points

• Central Inland Water Transport Corporation (CIWTC) was established in 1967 as a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Companies Act 1956.
• Its headquarters is in Kolkata, West Bengal.
• The nodal ministry of CIWTC was the Ministry of Shipping.
• The monitoring of Ganga, Brahmaputra and Hugli river was done by CIWTC.

Important Points 

The correct answer is Bareilly.

• Indian Veterinary Research Institute is located in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• It has a research facility for developing veterinary medicines and has branches as well.
• Its other campuses are located at Bangalore, Palampur, Pune, Srinagar, Kolkata and Mukteshwar.
• Formerly it was known as Imperial Bacteriological Laboratory and was renamed in 1925 as Indian Veterinary Research Institute.
• It was founded in the year 1889. It is controlled by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
• It was given the status of deemed university in November 1983.
• The institute has an academic staff of 250 people.
• The course for undergraduates started in 2015 with 20 seats and as of 2019, the seats were 24.

The correct answer is SEBI.

Important Points

• Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is a statutory body and a market regulator, which controls the securities market in India.
• The basic functions of SEBI are to protect the interests of investors in securities and to promote and regulate the securities market. 
• SEBI is run by its board of members, the board consists of a Chairman and several other whole time and part-time members.
• The chairman is nominated by the union government.
  • Founded: 12 April 1992
  • Headquarters: Mumbai
  • Agency executive: Shri Tuhin Kanta Pandey (Chairperson)

Additional Information

• RBI:
  • Governor - Sanjay Malhotra.
  • Headquarters - Mumbai.
  • Founded: 1 April 1935, Kolkata.
• IRDAI:
  • Founded: 1999
  • Headquarters: Hyderabad   
• NABARD:
  • Founded: 12 July 1982
  • Headquarters: Mumbai
  • Chairperson:Shaji K V

Red Data Book is a public document which contains the data of endangered and rare species including animals, plants, fungi as well as some local subspecies present in the country.

The correct answer is Gland, Switzerland. Key Points

• IUCN is a membership Union composed of both government and civil society organizations.
• It was created in 1948.
• It is the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it.
• It is headquartered in Gland, Switzerland.​

Additional Information:

• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species.

Important Points: 

• International Organisations in Switzerland
  • United Nations Conference on Trade & Development (UNCTAD) – Geneva, Switzerland
  • World Health Organization (WHO) – Geneva, Switzerland
  • World Economic Forum – Geneva, Switzerland
  • International Labor Organization – Geneva, Switzerland
  • World Trade Organization – Geneva, Switzerland
  • World Meteorological Organization – Geneva, Switzerland
  • World Intellectual Property Organization – Geneva, Switzerland
  • International Committee of the Red Cross – Geneva, Switzerland
  • The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)– Zurich, Switzerland
  • World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) – Avenue du Mont-Blanc, Gland, Vaud, Switzerland