Socio - Religious Reform Movements in the 19th and 20th CE India MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Socio - Religious Reform Movements in the 19th and 20th CE India - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Hridayanath Kunzru.

• Hridayanath Kunzru founded the 'Seva Samiti' at Allahabad in 1914.

Key Points

• Hridayanath kunzru founded the 'Seva Samiti' at Allahabad in 1914.
• He was a member of the Servants of India Society.
• Hriday Nath Kunzru was a member of the Constituent Assembly of India.

Additional Information ​

• G.K. Gokhale founded the Servants of India Society.
• Shri Ram Bajpai founded the Sava Samiti Boy Scouts Association.
• Tej Bahadur Sapru attended all three Round-table conferences.

The correct answer is Badruddin Tyabji – Bombay Presidency Association.

Key Points

• Bombay Presidency Association
  • Pherozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji, and K. T. Telang were largely responsible for the formation of the Bombay Presidency Association in 1885. 
  • Bombay Presidency Association was a body that championed Indian interests and hosted the first meeting of the Indian National Congress in Bombay at the end of 1885.
• Madras Mahajana Sabha
  • ​Ramaswami Mudaliar and P. Anandacharlu established the Madras Mahajana Sabha in 1884. 
  • The first meeting took place on December 29, 1884.
  • Madras Mahajana Sabha was a Madras Presidency-based Indian nationalist organization.
• East India Association
  • ​The East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866, in collaboration with Indians and retired British officials in London.
  • It superseded the London Indian Society.
  • It was a platform for discussing matters and ideas about India, and providing representation for Indians to the Government.
• Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
  • ​The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded in 1870 at Poona.
  • It was founded by Mahadev Govind Ranade, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi, and S. H. Chiplunkar.

The correct answer is 1867.

• Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867.
  • It was founded in Bombay.
  • It was formed to carry out social and religious reforms.
  • Dr Atmaram Pandurang was an Indian Physician and Social Reformer.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Option 3

Key Points

• After the Revolt of 1857, Kalu Mahara, a brave revolutionary from the Kali Kumaon region (eastern Kumaon, present-day Pithoragarh district), organized resistance against British rule.
• He founded a secret organization named "Krantiveer" to mobilize people against British exploitation and oppression.
• This movement is considered one of the earliest forms of underground resistance in the Uttarakhand region post-1857.
• Kalu Mahara is remembered for his fearless leadership and patriotism, even though British records tried to suppress his legacy.

The correct answer is Punjab.

• Kuka was a religious-political movement in Punjab.
• Kukas were not part of the main-stream Sikhism of the Sikhs.
• They wanted caste -abolition, the permission of intermarriages,widow-remarriages, abstinence from the desi liquor, meat, and drug
• To unite the people, Satguru Ram Singh Ji started the Kuka Movement.
• The date of 12th April 1872 is usually known as the official day when the movement was born, though in real essence the foundations of the movement were being laid down by Satguru Ram Singh Ji a few years before.

The correct answer is salvation.

Key Points

• Ramakrishna Mission (RKM) is a Hindu religious and spiritual organization that forms the core of a worldwide spiritual movement known as the Ramakrishna Movement or the Vedant
  • The mission is named after and inspired by the Indian saint Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and founded by Ramakrishna's chief disciple Swami Vivekananda on 1st May 1897.
  • The mission bases its work on the principles of karma yoga, the principle of selfless work done with a dedication to God.
  • The Ramakrishna Mission has centered around the world and publishes many important Hindu texts.
  • It is affiliated with the monastic organization. Vivekananda was greatly influenced by his guru (teacher) Ramakrishna.
  • The motto of the mission is - Atmano mokshartham Jagat hitaya cha (For one’s own salvation and for the welfare of the world).

Additional Information

• Swami Vivekananda
  • His original name was Narendranath Dutt.
  • He attended the Parliament of Religions held at Chicago in 1893 AD and published two papers, Prabhudhha Bharat in English and Udbodhana in Bengali.
  • He urged people to inculcate the spirit of liberty, equality and free-thinking.
  • He worked for the emancipation of women.
  • He emerged as a preacher of Neo-Hinduism.
  • He advocated the Doctrine of Service–the service of all human beings.
  • He was considered the spiritual father of the modern nationalist movement.

The correct answer is Raja Rammohan Roy.

• Raja Rammohan Roy was the founder of Atmiya Sabha.

Key Points

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy:
  • ​He is known as the ‘Father of Modern India’ or ‘Father of the Bengal Renaissance.
  • He was born on 22 May 1772 in a Brahman family at Radhanagar in Bengal.
  • He was a religious and social reformer.
  • He was widely known for his role in the abolition of the practice of Sati.
  • He was given the title of ‘Raja’ by the titular Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Akbar II.
  • He was a scholar and knew Sanskrit, Persian, Hindi, Bengali, English, and Arabic.
  • In 1814, he founded Atmiya Sabha in Calcutta to campaign against idolatry, caste rigidities, meaningless rituals, and other social ills.
    • It was an association for the dissemination of the religious truth and the promotion of free discussions of theological subjects.
  • He Formed the Brahmo Sabha in 1828 which later became the Brahmo Samaj.
  • Here, recital and expounding of Hindu scriptures were done. 

Additional Information

• Keshab Chandra Sen was the founder of Bharatvarshiya Brahmo Samaj.
• Debendranath Tagore founded the Tattvabodhini Sabha.
• Raja Radhakant Deb was the founder of British Indian Association.

The correct answer is 1856.

Key Points

• The Hindu widow remarriage act was passed in the year 1856.
  • The act made the remarriage of Hindu widows in all jurisdictions of India under East India Company rule legal.
  • The Hindu widow remarriage act was drafted during the tenure of Lord Dalhousie.
  • The act was passed by Lord Canning in 1856.
  • The remarriage of Hindu widows was first legalized by Lord Canning.
  • Hindu widow remarriage act was considered as the first major social reform legislation after the abolition of Sati in 1829.
  • Indian social reformer Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was the most prominent campaigner of the Hindu widow remarriage act

The correct answer is 1856.

Key Points

• Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act
  • It was passed on 16th July 1856.
  • It legalised the remarriage of Hindu widows in all jurisdictions of India under East India Company rule.
  • It was drafted by Lord Dalhousie and passed by Lord Canning.
  • It said that no marriage contracted between Hindus shall be invalid, and the issue of no such marriage shall be illegitimate, by reason of the woman having been previously married.
  • Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was the most prominent campaigner for Hindu widow remarriage and petitioned the Legislative council despite severe opposition from Radhakanta Deb and the Dharma Sabha.

The correct answer is Atmaram Pandurang.

Key Points

• The Prarthana Samaj was founded in 1867.
• It was founded by Atmaram Pandurang.
• Prarthana Samaj played a very important role in the Maharashtra renaissance.
• It focused on religious and social reform in Maharashtra.
• The mouthpiece called 'Subodh-Patrika' was run by the Prarthana Samaj.
• Veeresalingam Pantulu was the Telugu reformer who encouraged the Prarthana Samaj in South India.

Additional Information

• Swami Dayanand Saraswati is the founder of Arya Samaj in 1875.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy is the founder of Brahmo Samaj in 1828.
• Swami Vivekananda is the founder of the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897.

The correct answer is Debendranath Tagore.

Key Points

• Debendranath Tagore founded 'Tattavabodhini Sabha'.
• On 6 October 1839, Debendranath Tagore established Tattvaranjini Sabha which was shortly thereafter renamed the Tattwabodhini ('Truth-seekers') Sabha.
• Debendranath Tagore was a Hindu philosopher and religious reformer.
• Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Debendranath Tagore
• In 1859, the Tattwabodhini Sabha was dissolved back into the Brahmo Samaj by Debendranath Tagore.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the Father of Modern India.

Additional Information Important movements/Sabha and their founder:

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., Debendranath Tagore.

Key Points

• Debendranath Tagore founded 'Tattavabodhini Sabha'.
• On 6 October 1839, Debendranath Tagore established Tattvaranjini Sabha which was shortly thereafter renamed the Tattwabodhini ('Truth-seekers') Sabha.
• Debendranath Tagore was a Hindu philosopher and religious reformer. 
• Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Debendranath Tagore
• In 1859, the Tattwabodhini Sabha was dissolved back into the Brahmo Samaj by Debendranath Tagore.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the Father of Modern India.

Additional Information

Important movements/Sabha and their founder:

The correct answer is 1867.

• Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867.
  • It was founded in Bombay.
  • It was formed to carry out social and religious reforms.
  • Dr Atmaram Pandurang was an Indian Physician and Social Reformer.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Swami Vivekananda.

Key Points

• Swami Vivekananda was born on 12^th January 1863.
• His birthday is celebrated as national youth day in India.
• The Ramakrishna Mission was founded by Swami Vivekananda.
  • It was founded in 1897.
  • The headquarters of Ramakrishna Mission is located at Belur Math in West Bengal.
  • "Atmano mokshartham Jagat Hitaya cha" is the motto of Ramakrishna Mission.
• Narendranath Datta is the original name of Swami Vivekananda.
• He is considered the patriotic saint of India.
• "Go back to Gita" is a famous slogan raised by Swami Vivekananda.
• He attended the parliament of religions held in Chicago on 11^th September 1893.
• He died on 4^th July 1902 at the age of 39.

Additional Information

• Ramakrishna Paramahamsa is the guru of Swami Vivekananda.
• Sarada Devi was the wife and spiritual consort of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
• Mahendranath Gupta was a disciple of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.

The correct answer is 1897.

Key Points

• Ramakrishna Mission was founded by Swami Vivekananda  in 1897.
• The headquarters of Ramakrishna Mission is located at Belur Math in West Bengal.
• The mission is named after and inspired by the Indian saint Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
  • Ramakrishna Paramahamsa was the guru (teacher) of Swami Vivekananda.
• "Atmano mokshartham Jagat Hitaya cha" is the motto of Ramakrishna Mission.
• Ramakrishna Mission helps with the installation of photovoltaic (PV) lighting systems in the Sundarbans region of West Bengal.

Additional Information

• Swami Vivekananda was born on 12th January 1863.
  • His birthday is celebrated as national youth day in India.
  • Narendranath Datta is the original name of Swami Vivekananda.
  • He is considered the patriotic saint of India.
  • "Go back to Gita" is a famous slogan raised by Swami Vivekananda.
  • He attended the parliament of religions held in Chicago on 11th September 1893.
  • He died on 4th July 1902 at the age of 39.