Environment MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Environment - Download Free PDF
Last updated on Jul 14, 2025
Latest Environment MCQ Objective Questions
Environment Question 1:
Consider the following statements regarding cloud seeding:
Statement I: Cloud seeding is a technique aimed at artificially inducing precipitation by dispersing substances that serve as cloud condensation or ice nuclei.
Statement II: In supercooled clouds, calcium chloride is the most commonly used substance for cloud seeding.
Statement III: Silver iodide and dry ice are effective substances for cloud seeding in clouds that contain water droplets below freezing temperature.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 1 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is option 3.
In News
- Following severe flooding in Texas, public concern has risen regarding the role and consequences of cloud seeding technology, highlighting renewed scrutiny of artificial weather modification efforts.
Key Points
- Statement I: Cloud seeding involves the intentional dispersion of substances like silver iodide, dry ice, or calcium chloride into clouds to encourage rainfall. Hence, Statement I is correct.
- Statement II: Calcium chloride is not used in supercooled clouds (which are below freezing); it is used in clouds at temperatures above freezing. Hence, Statement II is incorrect.
- Statement III: Silver iodide and dry ice (solid CO₂) are indeed used in supercooled clouds (clouds with water droplets at temperatures below 0°C), and help trigger ice formation and precipitation. Hence, Statement III is correct, and it explains Statement I.
Additional Information
- Vincent J. Schaefer conducted the first cloud seeding experiment in 1946.
- Seeding methods include use of aircraft, rockets, cannons, and ground generators.
- Cloud seeding may be used to enhance rainfall, reduce hail, or suppress fog for aviation safety.
Environment Question 2:
Consider the following statements regarding the Great Hornbill:
I. It is listed as "Endangered" on the IUCN Red List and is protected under Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act.
II. It is primarily carnivorous and prefers hunting over frugivory in its natural habitat.
III. The Great Hornbill is typically found in old-growth forests of the Western Ghats and the Himalayas.
IV. Males and females can be distinguished by their eye color and casque size.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 2 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is Option 4.
In News
- A rare sighting of the Great Hornbill, Kerala’s State Bird, occurred in Ezhimala, a coastal region of Kannur. This is significant as the species is typically restricted to dense forest habitats.
Key Points
- Statement I: The Great Hornbill is classified as Vulnerable (not Endangered) on the IUCN Red List. It is, however, protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Hence, Statement I is incorrect.
- Statement II: The species is primarily frugivorous (fruit-eating), though it may occasionally eat small animals. Hence, Statement II is incorrect.
- Statement III: It inhabits wet evergreen and deciduous old-growth forests, especially in the Western Ghats and along the Himalayan foothills. Hence, Statement III is correct.
- Statement IV: Males and females are distinguishable:
- Males have red irises,
- Females have white irises,
- Males also have slightly larger casques. Hence, Statement IV is correct.
Additional Information
- Scientific Name:Buceros bicornis
- Ecological Role: Plays a vital role in seed dispersal and maintaining forest biodiversity.
- Sighted in: Ezhimala Naval Academy region, far from its usual inland forest range.
- Conservation Concern: Its unexpected movement to coastal regions may indicate habitat disruption or climate-driven migration patterns.
Environment Question 3:
Identify the wildlife sanctuary from the given statements:
1. It is located in Kerala's Kannur district, located within the ecologically rich Western Ghats.
2. The Cheenkannipuzha River drains the area.
3. It was established in 1984.
4. It is India’s first butterfly sanctuary.
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 3 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary.
Key Points
- Location: Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Kerala's Kannur district, within the ecologically rich Western Ghats.
- River: The Cheenkannipuzha River flows through the sanctuary, contributing to its biodiversity.
- Establishment: It was established in 1984, aiming to protect the flora and fauna of the region.
- Butterfly Sanctuary: Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is India's first butterfly sanctuary, showcasing rich butterfly diversity.
- It is known for its dense forest cover, which includes tropical evergreen forests and semi-evergreen forests.
Additional Information
- Western Ghats: The Western Ghats are a UNESCO World Heritage site known for their high biodiversity and endemism.
- Butterfly Diversity: India hosts over 1,300 species of butterflies, with several endemic species found in the Western Ghats.
- Protected Areas: Kerala is home to multiple wildlife sanctuaries, including Periyar, Wayanad, and Chinnar, which contribute to India's ecological richness.
- Conservation Importance: Sanctuaries like Aralam play a critical role in preserving endangered species and maintaining ecological balance.
- Flora and Fauna: The sanctuary houses diverse species such as Malabar Giant Squirrels, Sloth Bears, and various bird species endemic to the region.
Environment Question 4:
Which one of the following Tiger Reserves is located along the Indo-Nepal border and is part of the Terai-Bhabar region in the upper Gangetic plains?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 4 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is Option 1.
In News
- A recent report noted that the leopard population in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve (DTR) has increased by 198.91% since 2022, making it a model for species recovery.
Key Points
- Dudhwa Tiger Reserve is located in Lakhimpur-Kheri district of Uttar Pradesh, right along the Indo-Nepal border. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
- It includes Dudhwa National Park, Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, and Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, and falls in the Terai-Bhabar region of the Upper Gangetic plains.
- Option 2 (Valmiki TR): Also near the Indo-Nepal border but located in Bihar, not associated with the Terai-Bhabar ecosystem in the upper Gangetic plains context. Hence, Option 2 is incorrect.
- Option 3 (Rajaji TR): Located in Uttarakhand, part of the Shivalik range ecosystem. Hence, Option 3 is incorrect.
- Option 4 (Pilibhit TR): Also in Uttar Pradesh and part of Terai zone, but it lies to the east of Dudhwa and doesn’t have the same composite protected zones (Kishanpur, Katerniaghat). Hence, Option 4 is incorrect.
Additional Information
- The reserve supports dense moist deciduous forests, especially Sal trees, and hosts species such as tigers, leopards, fishing cats, and civets.
- It is enriched by rivers like Sharda, Geruwa, Suheli, and Mohana, tributaries of the Ghagra River.
Environment Question 5:
The term Barilius imphalensis, recently seen in the news, refers to:
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 5 Detailed Solution
The correct answer is Option 2.
In News
- Barilius imphalensis is a newly discovered freshwater fish species found in the Imphal River in Manipur. It has been locally named “Ngawa” in the Meitei language.
Key Points
- The species belongs to the family Danionidae and subfamily Chedrinae, known for their vibrant coloration and ecological roles. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
- Option 1 is incorrect because Barilius imphalensis is not an amphibian and is not reported from Arunachal Pradesh. Hence, Option 1 is incorrect.
- Option 3 is unrelated, as Barilius imphalensis is a freshwater fish, not a marine algae. Hence, Option C is incorrect.
- Option 4 is false; it is not an insect and has no venomous characteristics. Hence, Option 4 is incorrect.
Additional Information
- This species is endemic to the Imphal River.
- It prefers shallow waters (3–5 feet) with gravel and cobble beds and riverbank vegetation.
- It lacks barbels, has distinct blue vertical bars, tubercles on its snout and jaw, and a complete lateral line with 41 scales—key for sensory navigation in water.
Top Environment MCQ Objective Questions
How many more 'Ramsar Sites' were added to Uttar Pradesh in January, 2020?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 6 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is 6.
- 6 more 'Ramsar Sites' were added to Uttar Pradesh in January 2020.
Confusion Points
- After the inclusion of 'Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary' as Ramsar site, now the total number of Ramsar sites in Uttar Pradesh has gone up to 10. (as of February 2022)
- The sites include Nawabganj in Unnao, Parvati Aranga in Gonda, Saman in Mainpuri, Samaspur in Rae Bareli, Sandi in Hardoi and Sarsai Nawar in Etawah.
- The Haiderpur Wetland has been recognised under the 1971 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands.
- The upper Ganga river, the stretch from Brigghat to Narora was the state's first Ramsar site which was declared in 2005.
Additional Information
- Ramsar Convention on Wetlands is an international treaty for “the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands”.
- It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands and is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran.
- The treaty was established in 1971 by UNESCO and came to force in 1975.
- There are 46 Ramsar Sites in India. (As of November 2020).
- Sundarban wetlands are the largest Ramsar site in India.
- Renuka wetland of Himachal Pradesh is the smallest Ramsar site in India.
- Chilka lake and Keoladeo Ghana National Park is the oldest Ramsar site in India which was declared in 1981.
In News
- As of July 2022:
- Five new wetlands of International importance have been designated in India.
- With this, the total number of Ramsar sites in the country has increased from 49 to 54 Ramsar sites.
- Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Bhupender Yadav said, “Delighted to inform that 5 more Indian wetlands have got Ramsar recognition as wetlands of international importance.”
- The five newly designated wetlands are:
- Karikili Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu
- Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest, Tamil Nadu
- Pichavaram Mangrove, Tamil Nadu
- Pala wetland, Mizoram
- Sakhya Sagar, Madhya Pradesh.
- India now has 75 Ramsar sites after the addition of 11 new sites in August 2022.
Which one of the following statements best describes the 'Polar Code'?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 7 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Option 1.
Key PointsPolar Code:
- The Polar Code came into force on 1 January 2017.
- The International Maritime Organization has adopted a mandatory Polar Code to provide for safe ship operation and environmental protection in the polar regions. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
- If you operate a SOLAS or MARPOL ship in Arctic or Antarctic waters, then your ship will need to comply with all or part of this Code.
- The International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (the Polar Code) is a new code adopted by the IMO.
- The Code acknowledges that polar waters may impose additional demands on ships beyond those normally encountered.
- It provides a mandatory framework for ships operating in polar waters.
- The main requirements are related to safety, protection of the environment, and seafarer competence, and it is implemented through amendments to International Maritime Conventions such as SOLAS, MARPOL, and the STCW.
- IMO's International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (Polar Code) is mandatory under both the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL).
- The Polar Code covers the full range of environmental protection matters relevant to the design, construction, equipment, operation, training, search and rescue, and ships operating in the inaccessible waters around the two poles.
- The Polar Code applies to certain ships that will operate on domestic or international voyages in Arctic or Antarctic waters.
Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) is released by the
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 8 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Food and Agriculture Organization.
- The Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) is released by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
- The FRA 2020 is based on the assessment of more than 60 forest-related variables in 236 countries and territories in the period of 1990–2020.
Key Points
- Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) provides essential information for understanding the extent of forest resources, their condition, management and uses.
- The latest of these assessments, FRA 2020, examines the status of, and trends in, more than 60 forest-related variables in 236 countries and territories in the period 1990–2020.
- The world has a total forest area of 4.06 billion hectares, which is 31 percent of the total land area.
- Although forests are not distributed equally among the world’s peoples or geographically.
- The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world’s forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.
- Around 54 percent of the world’s forests are in only five countries: the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada, the United States of America, and China.
Which of the following is NOT a sustainable development goal targeted to be achieved by 2030?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 9 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Space Research.
Important Points
- In September 2015, the General Assembly of the United Nation adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development that includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
- Building on the principle of “leaving no one behind”, the new Agenda emphasizes a holistic approach to achieving sustainable development for all
- The 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to transform our world:
- GOAL 1: No Poverty
- GOAL 2: Zero Hunger
- GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being
- GOAL 4: Quality Education
- GOAL 5: Gender Equality
- GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
- GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
- GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
- GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
- GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality
- GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
- GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
- GOAL 13: Climate Action
- GOAL 14: Life Below Water
- GOAL 15: Life on Land
- GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
- GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal
India's first pure green hydrogen plant commissioned in -
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 10 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Jorhat.
Key Points
- India's first pure green hydrogen plant was commissioned in Jorhat.
- The green hydrogen plant was commissioned in 3 months at the Jorhat Pump Station.
- It is an initiative of Oil India Limited (OIL).
- It has a capacity of 10 kg per day.
Additional Information
- Types of hydrogen fuel are:
- Green Hydrogen - It is produced by electrolysis of H2O using renewable energy sources like Solar, Wind, etc.
- Brown Hydrogen - It is produced using coal.
- Grey Hydrogen - It is produced using natural gas when the emission is released.
- Blue Hydrogen - It is produced using natural gas when the emission is captured.
'The Wildlife Protection Act' was enforced in India in the year
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 11 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is 1972.
Key Points
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
- Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 provides for the protection of Wild Animals, Birds, and Plants and issues concerned with them.
- It consists of total VI schedules
- Schedule I and II – Provides absolute protection and offenses under these prescribed the highest penalties.
- Schedule III and IV - Also protected but the penalties are much lower.
- Schedule V - Includes animals that may be hunted.
- Schedule VI - Provides for prohibition from cultivation and planting of specified plants.
Additional Information
Acts |
Year |
Indian Forest Act |
1927 |
Wildlife Conservation Act |
1972 |
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act |
1974 |
Forest Conservation Act |
1980 |
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act |
1981 |
Environment (Protection) Act |
1986 |
Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules |
2000 |
Biological Diversity Act |
2002 |
National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Central Government in which year?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 12 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is 2019.
Key Points
- National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Central Government in the year 2019.
- The programme was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
- It was directed by The National Green Tribunal.
- It is a long-term, time-bound, national-level strategy which focuses to tackle the air pollution problem across the country in a comprehensive manner with targets to achieve 20% to 30% reduction in Particulate Matter concentrations by 2024
- The base year for the comparison of concentration is 2017.
Additional Information
- The National Air Quality Index (AQI) in India was launched in September 2014 in New Delhi under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
- Air Quality Index is calculated using eight pollutants namely particulate matter (PM) 10, PM2. 5, Ozone (O3), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb) and ammonia (NH3).
- As per Central Pollution Control Board air quality standards, AQI is categorised into six parts.
- AQI between 0-50 is considered ‘good’,
- Between 51-100 ‘satisfactory’,
- Between 101-200 ‘moderate’,
- Between 201-300 ‘poor’,
- Between 301-400 ‘very poor’
- Between 401-500 ‘severe’.
The Blue Flag programme is operated under the auspices of
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 13 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is the Foundation for Environmental Education.
Key Points
- Blue Flag is a world-renowned award for beaches, marinas and boats, implemented in over 45 countries.
- It is operated under the auspices of the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE), an international not-for-profit organization.
- Headquartered - Copenhagen, Denmark.
- The Blue Flag programme:
- Sustainable management of beach spaces, responsible tourism and the conservation of coastal and marine ecosystems is at the heart of the Blue Flag programme.
- Education:
- Central to the ideals of the Blue Flag programme is the aim of connecting the public with their surroundings and encouraging them to learn more about their environment.
- Information:
- Informing visitors about the site they are visiting is an essential part of the Blue Flag programme. This allows people to easily navigate the area and to learn a little more about the indigenous flora and fauna.
- Monitoring
- Stringent criteria and regular spot checks help to encourage compliance of Blue Flag sites, which are also subject to comprehensive control visits.
Important Points
- Eight beaches in India have been awarded the prestigious Blue Flag certification.
- 10 beaches are:
Kappad, Kerala | Rushikonda, Andhra Pradesh |
Golden, Odisha | Padubidri, Karnataka |
Radhanagar, Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Kasarkod, Karnataka |
Shivrajpur beach, Gujarat | Ghoghla, Diu |
Kovalam in Tamil Nadu | Eden in Puducherry |
As of August, 2019, how many Himalayan peaks are open for trekking for domestic and foreign mountaineers?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 14 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is 137.
Key Points
- As of August 2019, 137 Himalayan peaks are open for trekking for domestic and foreign mountaineers. Hence
- The government of India has allowed access to 137 mountain peaks to foreigners desirous of obtaining a Mountaineering Visa for mountaineering and trekking.
- These Himalayan peaks are located in the States of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Sikkim.
- In the recently concluded National Tourism Conference, New Delhi, in which Tourism Ministers from States/UTs participated, the Tourism Minister emphasized utilizing the adventure tourism potential in the Indian economy and the need for ensuring the safety of those travelers going for adventure tourism.
- The highest number of 51 peaks in Uttarakhand and 15 peaks of Jammu and Kashmir have also been included in the list.
- Now foreigners can directly apply to Indian Mountaineering Foundation for permits.
- The home ministry has clarified that for carrying satellite phones the expedition teams have to take prior permissions from the department of telecommunication and all information gathered during the journey has to be shared with local formations.
- The Indian Adventure Tourism Guidelines 2018 cover land, air, and water-based activities including mountaineering, trekking, paragliding, bungee jumping, river rafting, kayaking, scuba diving, snorkeling, and many other sports.
Additional Information
- The Himalayas:
- It is the highest and the youngest fold mountain range of the world.
- Their geological structure is young, weak, and flexible since the Himalayan uplift is an ongoing process, making them one of the highest earthquake-prone regions of the world.
- The Himalayas are believed to have formed over 50 million years ago with the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian plate.
- The Indian plate slid below the Eurasian plate, due to its density being higher, and in the process crumbling and buckling up the Eurasian plate into the various mountain ranges that are now a part of the Himalayas.
- The Himalayas are a series of parallel mountain ranges extending along the North-West to the South-East direction (known as the Strike of the Himalayas).
- These ranges are separated by longitudinal valleys.
- They include,
- Trans-Himalayas
- The Greater Himalayas or Himadri
- The Lesser Himalayas or Himachal
- Shivalik or the Outer Himalayas
- The Eastern Hills or Purvanchal
Where among the following has the world's largest solar park recently been inaugurated?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Environment Question 15 Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Karnataka.
- World's largest solar park launched in Karnataka
- In BENGALURU, the world's largest solar park set up at an investment of Rs 16,500 crore at Pavagada in Karnataka's Tumakuru district was launched by Chief Minister Siddaramaiah.
- The 2,000 MW park, named 'Shakti Sthala', spans 13,000 acres spread over five villages and is a benchmark in the unique people's participation in the power model put on the ground, according to officials.
- The park's development is anchored by the Karnataka Solar Power Development Corp. Ltd (KSPDCL), an entity formed in March 2015 as a joint venture between Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Ltd (KREDL) and Solar Energy Corp. of India (SECI).