The buckling load for a given material depends upon: 

Explanation:

Column:

• If a beam element is under a compressive load and its length is an order of magnitude larger than either of its other dimensions such a beam is called a column.
• Due to its size, its axial displacement is going to be very small compared to its lateral deflection called buckling.

Euler's Buckling Load:

\( {P_{cr}} = \frac{{{{\rm{\pi }}^2}E{I_{\min }}}}{{l_e^2}}\)

where, Pcr = critical load for buckling; E = Young's Modulus (GPa); Imin = Area moment of inertia, le = effective length; kmin  = minimum radius of gyration

Slenderness Ratio (S): 

The ratio between the length and least radius of gyration.

\(S = \frac{{{l_e}}}{{{k_{\min }}}}\)

Hence, the buckling load depends on the Slenderness Ratio and modulus of elasticity.

Additional Information

The buckling load for various end conditions is given in the table below.