Concentration of Q in a consecutive reaction \(\rm P \xrightarrow{k_1}Q\xrightarrow{k_2}R\) is given by \(\rm [Q]=\frac{k_1]p]_0}{k_2-k_1}[e^{-k_1t}-e^{-k_2t}]\), where [๐‘ƒ]0 is the initial concentration of P. If the value of ๐‘˜2 = 25 s−1 , the value of ๐‘˜1 that leads to the longest waiting time for Q to reach its maximum is 

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  1. k1 = 20 s-1
  2. k1 = 25 s-1
  3. k1 = 30 s-1
  4. k1 = 35 s-1

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : k1 = 20 s-1
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Concept:-

Consecutive Reactions: A consecutive (or sequential) reaction includes a series of reactions where the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next.

Rate Constants and Reaction Kinetics: The rate constant (k) of a reaction is a measure of how fast a reaction occurs. For a given set of reaction conditions, the rate constant is independent of the concentrations of the reactant substances.

First-order reactions: In a first-order reaction, the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of only one reactant. This implies that the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of a single species.

Explanation:-

For reaction \(\rm P \xrightarrow{k_1}Q\xrightarrow{k_2}R\) 

Waiting time, \(t_{max} = \frac{1}{K_1-K_2} ln\frac{K_1}{K_2}\)

 As per the given values of K1 the possible values of tmax are:|
 

K1 K2 tmax
20 25 \(\rm t_{max}=\frac{1}{20-25}ln\left(\frac{20}{25}\right)s\)
25 25 when K1 = K2tmax cannot be calculated.
30 25 \(\rm t_{max}=\frac{1}{30-25}ln\left(\frac{30}{25}\right)=0.036s\)
35 25 \(\rm t_{max}=\frac{1}{35-25}ln\left(\frac{35}{25}\right)=0.034s\)

Thus, the maximum value of tmax is K1 = 20s-1

Conclusion:-

So, the value of  tmax is K1 = 20s-1

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