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A plane electromagnetic wave is incident on a plane surface of area A, normally and is perfectly reflected. If energy E strikes the surface in time t then average pressure exerted on the surface is (c = speed of light)

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  1. zero
  2. E/Ac
  3. 2E/Ac
  4. E/c

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : 2E/Ac
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Detailed Solution

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Calculation:
The pressure exerted by an electromagnetic wave on a surface can be calculated by the formula:

Pressure (P) = Energy / (Area × Time)

We are given:

  • Energy = E
  • Area = A
  • Time = t
  • Speed of light = c

Since the wave is perfectly reflected, the pressure is twice that of a non-reflected wave.

Therefore, the formula for the average pressure exerted on the surface is:

P = 2E / (A × c)

The correct answer is: 2E / (A × c)

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