Child/Human Development MCQ Quiz in मराठी - Objective Question with Answer for Child/Human Development - मोफत PDF डाउनलोड करा

The correct answer is '70'

Key Points

• Classification of IQ Levels:
  • IQ (Intelligence Quotient) is a measure of a person's intellectual abilities in relation to others.
  • The standard IQ scale places the average score around 100.
  • Individuals with an IQ below 70 are typically classified as mentally retarded or having an intellectual disability.

Additional Information

• Other IQ Ranges:
  • 50: Individuals with an IQ of 50 typically fall into the category of moderate intellectual disability. They may require significant support in daily living.
  • 85: An IQ of 85 is considered below average but not within the range of intellectual disability. These individuals may face challenges in academic settings but generally function independently.
  • 92: An IQ of 92 is within the average range and does not indicate any intellectual disability. These individuals typically perform at a standard level in academic and everyday tasks.

The correct answer is 'Moro'

Key Points

• Moro Reflex:
  • The Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex, is an involuntary response seen in newborns.
  • It is triggered by a loss of support or a sudden loud sound, causing the baby to arch her back, extend her arms outward, and then bring them back towards her body.
  • This reflex is a normal part of infant development and typically disappears around 4 to 6 months of age.

Additional Information

• Babinski Reflex:
  • The Babinski reflex involves the big toe moving upward or toward the top surface of the foot and the other toes fanning out when the sole of the foot is firmly stroked.
  • This reflex is normal in infants up to about 2 years old and is a sign of neurological function.
• Tonic Neck Reflex:
  • The tonic neck reflex, also known as the "fencing posture," occurs when a baby's head is turned to one side, causing the arm on that side to stretch out and the opposite arm to bend at the elbow.
  • This reflex usually disappears by 6 to 7 months of age.
• Rooting Reflex:
  • The rooting reflex is triggered when a baby's cheek is stroked, causing the baby to turn their head toward the stimulus and begin sucking motions.
  • This reflex helps the baby find the breast or bottle to begin feeding and typically fades by 4 months of age.

The correct answer is 'Psychosocial Dwarfism'

Key Points

• Psychosocial Dwarfism:
  • Psychosocial Dwarfism is a growth disorder observed between the ages of 2 and 15 years.
  • It is characterized by substantially below-average stature, weight that is usually appropriate for height, and immature skeletal age.
  • This condition is often caused by severe emotional deprivation.
  • GH (Growth Hormone) secretion is also affected in individuals with this disorder.

Additional Information

• Wasting:
  • Wasting refers to a severe loss of weight and muscle mass due to malnutrition or illness.
  • It is not typically associated with emotional deprivation.
• Obesity:
  • Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive body fat.
  • It is usually caused by a combination of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors, not emotional deprivation.
• Catch-up Growth:
  • Catch-up growth refers to the accelerated growth of a child following a period of slowed development.
  • It usually occurs after the alleviation of a growth-inhibiting condition, such as malnutrition or illness.
  • It is not related to emotional deprivation.

The correct answer is 'A, B, C, and D only'.

Key Points

• Identity:
  • Identity is a complex and multi-faceted concept that encompasses various aspects of an individual's self-perception and roles in society.
  • It includes elements such as career, political beliefs, interests, and personality traits.
• Career Identity:
  • Refers to how individuals see themselves in their professional roles and occupations.
• Political Identity:
  • Encompasses an individual's political beliefs and affiliations.
• Interests:
  • Include hobbies, passions, and activities that an individual enjoys and engages in.
• Personality:
  • Consists of characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique.

Additional Information

• Idealistic Behaviour:
  • While idealistic behavior can influence one's actions and decisions, it is not generally considered a core component of identity in the same way as career, political beliefs, interests, and personality.
• Understanding Identity:
  • Recognizing the various components of identity helps in understanding how individuals perceive themselves and interact with the world around them.
  • Identity can evolve over time as individuals grow and their experiences shape their self-perception.

The correct answer is 'Gender Typing'

Key Points

• Gender Typing:
  • Gender typing refers to the process by which a child becomes aware of their gender and thus behaves accordingly by adopting values and attributes of members of the sex that they identify as their own.
  • This involves the internalization of traditional gender roles, such as associating fighting with masculinity and crying with femininity.
  • It is a socialization process influenced by cultural norms, family, media, and peers.

Additional Information

• Gender Roles:
  • Gender roles are the behaviors, tasks, and responsibilities that a society considers appropriate for men, women, and other gender identities.
  • While related, gender roles are broader societal expectations rather than the internalization process described by gender typing.
• Gender Identity:
  • Gender identity is a personal conception of oneself as male, female, a blend of both, or neither, and can correspond to or differ from the sex assigned at birth.
  • It is about self-identification rather than the adoption of societal roles and behaviors.
• Gender Equality:
  • Gender equality refers to the state in which access to rights or opportunities is unaffected by gender.
  • It is a societal goal, aiming to eliminate discrimination based on gender, rather than a process of internalization of gender-specific behaviors.

The correct answer is 'Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy'

Key Points

• Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT):
  • REBT is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) developed by Albert Ellis in the 1950s.
  • The core principle of REBT is that emotional disturbances are largely the result of irrational beliefs and thoughts.
  • Therapists using REBT help clients identify and challenge these irrational beliefs, replacing them with more rational and adaptive thoughts.
  • REBT aims to help individuals develop a more rational and less distressing view of themselves, others, and the world.

The correct answer is '(A) is correct and (R) is incorrect'.

Key Points

• Assertion (A): The average age of parents who register for adoption is above 40 years in India.
  • This statement is correct. Studies and reports indicate that the average age of parents registering for adoption in India tends to be above 40 years.
  • This trend is influenced by various factors including career priorities and delayed marriages.

• Reason (R): Urban couples are not wanting to have children at a younger age and therefore, are opting for adoption.
  • This statement is incorrect as a general reason. While some urban couples may delay having biological children, this does not directly correlate with the decision to adopt.
  • Adoption decisions are influenced by multiple factors including infertility, social issues, and personal choices.

The correct answer is 'CARA'

Key Points

• Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA):
  • CARA is the statutory body in India under the Ministry of Women & Child Development.
  • It functions as the nodal body for adoption of Indian children and is mandated to monitor and regulate in-country and inter-country adoptions.
  • Prospective adoptive parents must register online with CARA to initiate the adoption process.

Additional Information

• SARA (State Adoption Resource Agency):
  • SARA functions at the state level and acts as a link between CARA and the adoption agencies in the state.
  • It is not the body with which prospective adoptive parents register directly for adoption.
• DCCW (Delhi Council for Child Welfare):
  • DCCW is a non-governmental organization that works for the welfare of children in Delhi.
  • It is not a regulatory body for adoption.
• SAA (Specialized Adoption Agency):
  • SAA is an agency recognized by the state government to place children in adoption.
  • These agencies work under the guidelines of CARA but are not the primary body for registration.

The correct answer is Identity foreclosure.

Key Points

• Identity Foreclosure:
  • Identity foreclosure occurs when an individual has made a commitment to certain roles or values without exploring other alternatives.
  • This often happens due to external pressures from parents or society, leading adolescents to adopt roles and beliefs without personal exploration.
  • Individuals in this status may appear confident but may lack a sense of true self-awareness or personal choice.

Additional Information

• Identity Achievement:
  • Identity achievement is when an individual has explored various options and made a committed decision based on personal exploration and choice.
  • People in this status have a strong sense of self and personal beliefs.
• Identity Diffusion:
  • Identity diffusion occurs when an individual has neither explored nor committed to any roles or values.
  • These individuals often feel directionless and uncertain about their future.
• Identity Moratorium:
  • Identity moratorium is a status where an individual is actively exploring different options but has not yet made a commitment.
  • This is a period of exploration and self-discovery.

The correct answer is 'Over extension'

Key Points

• Over extension:
  • Over extension is a common language error made by young children where they use a specific word to refer to a broader category of objects than it actually represents.
  • In this case, Ananya uses the word "doggy" to describe any animal with four legs, which is a classic example of over extension.
  • This error indicates that children are trying to apply their limited vocabulary to the world around them, often leading to broader generalizations.

Additional Information

• Under extension:
  • Under extension is when a child uses a word in a more limited way than its actual meaning.
  • For example, a child might use the word "doggy" only for their family pet and not for other dogs.
• Under regularization:
  • This error involves applying regular grammatical rules to words that are exceptions.
  • An example would be saying "goed" instead of "went."
• Preoperational stage:
  • This is a stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, typically occurring between ages 2 and 7.
  • It is characterized by symbolic thinking and egocentrism but is not directly related to specific language errors like over extension.