Government Policies MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Government Policies - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The Constitution of a country includes the guiding principles for the administration and development of the nation. Keeping in mind the provisions of the Constitution, its vision, and aims, the policies for a country are developed. 

• There is a provision for the amendment of the constitution of India, for this reason, the Indian Constitution is termed pseudo-flexible, as it is rigid as well as flexible.

Key Points

8th schedule: It lists the official languages of the Republic of India. Part XVII of the Indian constitution deals with the official languages in Articles 343 to 351. 

• Languages mentioned in the 8th schedule of the Indian Constitution are called Scheduled Languages. 
• The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution consists of the following 22 languages:
  • Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bodo, Santhali, Maithili, and Dogri.
  • Of these languages, 14 languages were initially included in the Constitution in 1950.
  • The Sindhi language was added in the 8th schedule by the 21st constitutional amendment act in 1967.
  • 71st amendment which took place in 1992, included three more languages which are Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali
  • 92nd amendment, 2003 added four more languages which are Bodo, Dongri, Santhali, and Maithali, and raised the number of languages to 22.

From the above points, we can conclude that the Sindhi language was included in the 8th schedule through the 21st Constitutional Amendment Act’ 1967.

The Government of India launched Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan in 2018 for school education extending from pre-school to class 12

 Key Points

• Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat Scheme was launched by the Government of India in 2014 to improve and promote the foundational learning of early language and literacy and early numeracy in early grades of primary school particularly classes I and II. 
• The scheme emphasises safe and secure infrastructure including sanitation facilities in preschools.
• It also stresses on developmentally appropriate curriculum, learning activities, pedagogical practices and assessment and professional development of teachers and community participation and engagement.

Thus, Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Nitish Kumar.

In News

• On October 3, 2023, in a program organized at the museum located at Sardar Patel Bhawan in Patna, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar unveiled the brand ‘Mukti’ of the prison industry.

Key Points

• An exhibition, of more than 100 manufacturing items made by the prisoners in the jail, was also organized in the museum. 
• In this, spices, sattu, bread, herbal tea, cotton clothes, khadi clothes, wood industry, handicrafts, printing materials, slippers industry, home care, food, iron, paper etc. are produced.
• The 'one prison-one product' initiative is being implemented in Bihar's jails.
• The revenue received from the sale of manufactured products by the prison industry is spent on the welfare of the families of prisoners and Prisoner Welfare Fund.

National Adult Education Programme (NAEP) - Launched on October 2, 1978. It was a macro program to eradicate illiteracy through a project approach. It was a massive program aimed at educating 100 million non-literate adults in the age group of 15-35 years within a time frame of five years.

Key Points

Objectives of NAEP:

• ​To promote the literacy rate of the country among those who live in economically and socially disadvantaged areas of society.
• To create an awareness among illiterate adults about their helplessness due to education.
• Raising the functional capabilities of the adults in their careers and vocations.
• To develop self-dependency in adults. To relate education with the work and life situations of the adults.

Hence, we conclude that the creation of employment is not an objective of the national adult education program.

Fees include the money which is paid by the students to the school on a regular basis. Schools may charge different types of fees to the enrolled students.

 Key Points

• Government-run primary or upper primary schools usually charge no fees at all as education has been made free for children of 6 to 14 years of age up to class 8th under the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education act.
• But private schools usually charge higher fees to their students.
• Government-aided schools collect fees from students in the form of amounts as fixed by the government from time to time.
• Some schools collect money from students as donations towards the school pupil's fund, such donations are collected on a monthly basis and used for welfare activities for students.

Hence, we conclude that with reference to examination and other fees, only II statement is correct.

The Nepal Kingdom also known as the Gorkha empire, a Hindu state in South Asia was founded by king Prithvi Narayan Shah, a Gorkha ruler in 1768. It lasted for 240 years until the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2008.

Key Points

• The country of Nepal has witnessed several people’s struggles for democracy. There was a people’s struggle in 1990 that established democracy that lasted for 12 years until 2002.
• In October 2002, King Gyanendra, citing the Maoist uprising in the countryside as his reason, began taking over different aspects of the government with the army’s assistance. The King then finally took over as the head of government in February 2005.
• In November 2005, the Maoists joined other political parties to sign a 12-point agreement. This agreement signaled to the larger public an imminent return to democracy and peace.
• In 2006, this people’s movement for democracy began gaining immense force. It repeatedly refused the small concessions that the King made and in 2006 they finally succeeded in putting an end to the powers of the King.
• Now the people have to write a new Constitution to establish Nepal as a democracy. The reason that they do not want to continue with the previous Constitution is that it does not reflect the ideals of the country that they want Nepal to be, and that they have fought for. 

Hence, we conclude that Nepal was successful in ending the powers of the king in 2006.

The concept of governance has been in use at least since the fourteenth century. It was used in France during that period that implied ‘seat of government’.

• It started with a range of meanings, from the act or manner of governing its office or power, which made it synonymous with government, to be virtuous or wise in one’s general behavior.
• Governance, in simple terms, means “the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented)”. Governance refers to a process of exercise of authority to govern people or regulate public affairs.

Key Points

• In the Monarchical form of government, the ruler has the power to make decisions and run the government as Monarchy is a form of government where a hereditary sovereign rules and is the absolute ruler of the state.
• What is particular about monarchy is that it is a hereditary regime: a dynasty rules through successive generations. The monarch rules as long as he lives, unless he is killed or dethroned.
• Monarcliy means absolute and totalitarian powers of the monarch, absolute in the sense that there are no limitations whatsoever, and totalitarian in the sense that the monarch can issue any law he likes. Monarchy, thus, is another name for totalitarianism and absolutism.

Hence, it is clear that in the Monarchical form of government, the ruler has the power to make decisions and run the government.

Additional Information

• In democracy system of governance, it is the people who give the power to the government to make decisions and enforce laws as it is a process of choosing government by the people.
• Military coup: A coup organized and carried out by members of the armed forces.
• Oligarchy means rule by the few.

In light of the principles of National Curriculum Framework, 2005, and NCFTE, 2009, caters to the pedagogical and quality issues of teacher preparation on various Teacher Education Programmes, developed by NCTE.

Key Points

The focus of NCFTE (National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education) 2009, were as follows:

• NCTE had prepared a framework for teacher education, which is both contextual and in tune with the emerging concerns and imperatives of the changing perspectives of education at the national as well as global levels.
• In this framework, the emphasis is on changing context and stress to keep it open and flexible. Teacher education must have an interrogative and eclectic approach.
• NCFTE acknowledges the diversity of learning spaces and curriculum sites, apart from the classroom. It also trusted that pedagogical knowledge has to constantly undergo adaptation to meet the need of diverse contexts through critical reflection by the teacher of individuals’ practices.
•  Teacher education is a long and continuous process in which pre-service, in-service, and continuing professional development of the teachers are inseparable parts.
• Shifting towards the use of critical pedagogy was suggested.
• Suggestions were made to integrate theory and practice in the subjects in the curriculum.
• In the process of education and training observation, storytelling, analysis, critical inquiry, self-learning, reflection on practices, linking practices to concepts, etc. are highlighted. The need for enhancing language competence and communication skill is also felt.
• Emphasis has been given to the teacher as a reflective practitioner.
• Both qualitative and quantitative evaluation and measurement procedures are highlighted.
• Modern teaching approaches such as constructivism, comprehensive learning, contextual pedagogy, and ICT integration need to be highlighted.

Thus, it can be concluded that, In 2009, the Indian Government proposed updates and changes to the NCTE draft namely the National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education.

The Rajasthan State Text Book Board (RSTB) is responsible for the printing and distribution of textbooks for students in government and affiliated schools across the state.

Key Points

• Initially, the Board's primary focus was on classes 1 to 8.
• However, as per the Government of Rajasthan's order dated 27 September 2010, the RSTB's responsibilities were expanded to include classes 9 to 12 as well.
• This expansion aimed to ensure a uniform and efficient distribution of educational materials across all school levels. ​

Hence, the correct answer is Class 1 to 12.

The Government of India launched the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme in 1975. It is a unique programme and one of the world’s largest for early childhood care and development.

 Key Points

• It encompasses all children in the age group of 0-6 years.
• It also caters to the needs of pregnant women and lactating mothers.

The scheme covers six services, namely:

• Supplementary nutrition
• Pre-school non-formal education
• Nutrition and health education
• Immunization
• Health check-up
• Referral services

Thus,  Vocational training is NOT one of the services provided under the ICDS Scheme.