Reproduction in plant MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Reproduction in plant - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Geitonogamy.

Key Points

• The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination.
  • Pollens are produced by the male part of a flower called the stamen.
  • Pistil is the female part of a flower with stigma at its top.
  • Geitonogamy is the process of pollination between two flowers of the same plant.
  • The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant is called geitonogamy.
  • Honeybee helps with the pollination of sunflowers.
  • Bats help with the pollination in banana.

Additional Information

• Autogamy is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower.
• Xenogamy is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a different plant, opposite the process of Geitonogamy.

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2.

Key Points

• Nutrients and water are essential for all living organisms to carry out biological processes, including reproduction.
• Reproduction, whether sexual or asexual, requires energy which is derived from nutrients.
• Water is crucial as it is involved in the transportation of nutrients and removal of waste products from cells.
• Without adequate nutrients and water, organisms cannot develop properly or sustain the energy levels needed for reproductive activities.
• In plants, for instance, water is necessary for photosynthesis, which in turn provides the energy required for growth and reproduction.

Additional Information

• Photosynthesis:
  • A process used by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organism's activities.
  • This process is essential for the production of glucose, which is used as an energy source for growth and reproduction.
• Cellular Respiration:
  • A set of metabolic reactions used by cells to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
  • ATP is the energy currency of the cell, powering various functions including reproduction.
• Osmosis:
  • A process by which water molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
  • Osmosis is critical for maintaining cell turgor and nutrient transport.
• Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction:
  • Sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parents, leading to genetic diversity.
  • Asexual reproduction involves a single organism producing offspring genetically identical to itself, which can be more efficient in stable environments.

The correct answer is Available nutrients and water.

Key Points

• Nutrients and water are essential for all living organisms to carry out biological processes, including reproduction.
• Reproduction, whether sexual or asexual, requires energy which is derived from nutrients.
• Water is crucial as it is involved in the transportation of nutrients and removal of waste products from cells.
• Without adequate nutrients and water, organisms cannot develop properly or sustain the energy levels needed for reproductive activities.
• In plants, for instance, water is necessary for photosynthesis, which in turn provides the energy required for growth and reproduction.

Additional Information

• Photosynthesis:
  • A process used by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organism's activities.
  • This process is essential for the production of glucose, which is used as an energy source for growth and reproduction.
• Cellular Respiration:
  • A set of metabolic reactions used by cells to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
  • ATP is the energy currency of the cell, powering various functions including reproduction.
• Osmosis:
  • A process by which water molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
  • Osmosis is critical for maintaining cell turgor and nutrient transport.
• Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction:
  • Sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parents, leading to genetic diversity.
  • Asexual reproduction involves a single organism producing offspring genetically identical to itself, which can be more efficient in stable environments.

The correct answer is stamen.

Key Points

• Pollen grains are the male gametophytes in plants and are produced in the stamen, which is the male reproductive part of a flower.
• The stamen consists of two main parts: the anther and the filament. The anther is the structure where pollen grains are formed.
• Pollen production occurs within the microsporangia of the anther, through a process called microsporogenesis.
• Once mature, the pollen grains are released from the anther during the process of dehiscence, facilitating pollination.
• Pollination is essential for the fertilization process in plants, leading to the formation of seeds and fruits.

Additional Information

• Flower Structure:
  • The flower is the reproductive unit in angiosperms, consisting of both male (stamen) and female (carpel) reproductive organs.
  • The stamen (male organ) produces pollen, while the carpel (female organ) contains the ovary, style, and stigma.
• Microsporogenesis:
  • This is the process by which microspore mother cells in the anther undergo meiosis to form haploid microspores (pollen grains).
  • The microspores further develop into mature pollen grains, which are capable of fertilization.
• Pollen Dispersal:
  • Pollen grains are dispersed through various agents such as wind, water, insects, or animals, depending on the plant species.
  • This process is critical for achieving cross-pollination, which enhances genetic diversity in plants.
• Role in Plant Reproduction:
  • Pollen grains carry the male gametes that fuse with the female gametes (ovules) during fertilization to form seeds.
  • Successful pollination and fertilization are crucial for the reproduction and propagation of flowering plants.

Key Points

• The pistil is the female reproductive part of a flower.
• It consists of the stigma, style, and ovary.
• Pollen must land on the stigma, grow down the style, and reach the ovary to fertilize ovules.
• The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds after fertilization.
• The pistil may consist of a single carpel or multiple fused carpels.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Geitonogamy.

Key Points

• The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination.
  • Pollens are produced by the male part of a flower called the stamen.
  • Pistil is the female part of a flower with stigma at its top.
  • Geitonogamy is the process of pollination between two flowers of the same plant.
  • The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant is called geitonogamy.
  • Honeybee helps with the pollination of sunflowers.
  • Bats help with the pollination in banana.

Additional Information

• Autogamy is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower.
• Xenogamy is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a different plant, opposite the process of Geitonogamy.

The correct answer is Stigma, Style, Ovary and Thalamus.

Key Points

• Stigma - It is the head of the pistil.
  • It receives pollen, which begins the process of fertilization.
• Style - It the stalk of the pistil.
  • It is a long, slender stalk that connects the stigma and the ovary. 
  • When pollen reaches the stigma, it begins to grow a tube through the style called a pollen tube, which eventually reaches the ovary.
• Ovary - It is the base of the pistil.
  • It holds the ovules for fertilization.
• Thalamus - It is present near the stalk of the flower.
  • It supplies nutrients to the flower.
  • It is a condensed axis of the flower from which all floral parts arise.

Additional Information

• Stamens are the male reproductive parts of flowers.
  • A stamen consists of an anther (which produces pollen) and a filament.

The correct answer is Papaya.

Key Points

• Papaya is a unisexual flower.
• Papaya flowers are called unisexual because the flowers only contain one of the two reproductive parts of the plant and never both.
• Therefore, the flowers of papaya either consist of the male reproductive part, the stamens, or the female reproductive part, the carpels.

Additional Information

• A flower that contains both male and female reproductive organs is called a bisexual flower.
• The male reproductive organ is called the androecium and the female reproductive organ is called the gynoecium.
• Example: Mustard,Hibiscus,Sunflower.

The correct answer is Flowers.

Key Points 

• About Plant Reproduction:
  • Sexual Reproduction is defined as the production of a new organism from two-parents by making use of their Gametes or Sex cells. 
  • Plants also have Male and Female sex organs are carried within the flower and the seeds which are inside a Fruit.
  • These plants are called (Angiosperms or Flowering plants) as they reproduce by the Sexual reproduction method. 
  • Most of the plants contain Reproductive organs of both (Males and Females) in the same flowers.
  • The Male organ part of a flower is called the Stamen and the Female organ part of a flower is called Carpel or pistil. 
    • The stamen helps in making the Male Gametes of the plant that is present in Pollen grains.
  • The female gamete (egg cell) is found in the pistil
    • The Male Gametes fertilize the Female Gametes.
  • The fertilized Egg cells develop to become Seeds. When germinated, these Seeds started growing as new Plants.

Confusion Points

• Pistil and stamen both are reproductive parts of a plant.
• Stamen and pistil are part of the flower.
• The flower is the reproductive part of the plant.
• So, the flower is the most suitable answer.

Additional Information

• Image of the Plant Reproduction:

Important Points

• The discovery of Sex in Plants was noted by two-person {Camerarius and Koelreuter} in the year 1761.

The correct answer is Anther.

Key Points

• The male reproductive organ of the flower is known as the stamen.
• This produces pollen. Pollen is a powder produced from pollen grains, containing seed plant sperm cells.
• It is having two parts:
  • Anthers - The part of the stamen where pollen is produced.
  • Filaments - It is a stalk-like structure that connects the base of the flower with anther.
• The anther is composed of microsporangia.
• The Pistil is the female reproductive part of a flower.
• A floral style is a stalk that supports the stigma and connects it to the ovary.

Additional Information 

• Ovary - It is the enlarged basal portion of the pistil, where ovules are produced.
• Pistil - It is the female reproductive part of the flower.
• Stigma - It is the part of the pistil where pollen germinates.
• 

The correct answer is Anemophily.

Important Points

• Anemophily or Wind pollination is the process of the transfer of pollen from one individual plant to another carried by air currents.
• It is commonly found in grasses, grains, and other flowering plants.

 Additional Information

• Pollination is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma.
• These vectors can include wind, water, birds, insects, butterflies, bats, and other animals that visit flowers. 
• Hydrophilous pollination involves the use of water as a vector in the transportation of pollen.
• Zoophily is a form of pollination whereby pollen is transferred by vertebrates.
  • The vectors for Zoophily are birds, monkeys, marsupials, lemurs, bears, rabbits, deer, rodents, lizards, and other animals.
• Entomophily is a form of pollination of a flower in which the pollen is carried on an insect.
  • Entomophilous flowers are usually brightly colored and scented and often secrete nectar.

The correct answer is mulberry.

Key Points

• Fruit is ripened ovary.
• It is the form after double fertilization.
• The fruit is the edible part of a plant.
• Fruit is a simple, aggregate, and composite type.
• Composite fruit is formed from the complete inflorescence.
• Mulberry is composite fruit.
• Jackfruit and peepal are also examples.

Additional InformationAggregate fruit:

• It develops from the apocarpous ovary.
• It forms the bunch of fruitless term etaerio.
• Strawberry, raspberry, rose, and custard apples are examples.

Simple fruit:

• It is formed from the monocarpellary ovary.
• It forms only a single fruit.
• Cashew, litchi, citrus, and mango are examples.

The correct answer is vegetative propagation.

• Bryophyllum reproduces by vegetative propagation.

Key Points

• Bryophyllum:
  • They reproduce asexually, through the vegetative propagation of leaves.
  • They are also called air plants.
  • The leaves of bryophyllum are broad, having notches at their margins, these are the locations from which buds arise.
  • Vegetative propagation is a reproduction method where new plants are produced by vegetative parts of a plant called propagules.

Additional Information

• In fragmentation, the cell splits into two parts and makes new bodies.
  • It takes place in planaria.

• Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from a generative anatomical point of the parent organism. 
  • It takes place in hydra.

• Spore Formation is a method in asexual reproduction.
  • In this, a new individual is formed without fusion with another reproductive cell. 

The correct answer is Pistil.

Concept: 

• The flower contains a male part and a female part. 
• The male part is known as stamen and the female part is known as the pistil. 
• The male part or stamen consists of anther and filament. 
  • The anther produces pollen grains which have male gametes.
  •  stamen supports the anther
• The female part or pistil consists of Ovary, stigma, style. 
  • The ovary contains one or more ovules.
  • The female gamete or the egg is formed in an ovule
• Male and a female gamete fuse to form a zygote. 
• This happens through the process of pollination.
• In pollination, the pollen grains from the anther go to stigma and fertilization happens in the ovary. 

The correct answer is Flower, Seed and Fruit.

Important Points

About Plant Reproduction:

• Sexual Reproduction is defined as the production of a (New organism) from Two-parents by using their (Gametes or Sex cells).
• Plants also have Male and Female sex organs.
• These plants are called (Angiosperms or Flowering plants) as they reproduce by the Sexual reproduction method. 
• Most of the plants contain Reproductive organs of both (Males and Females) in the flowers.
• The (Male organ part) of a flower is called the (Stamen) and the (Female organ part) of a flower is called (Carpel).
• These Pollen Grains help in making (Male Gametes) of the plant and are present in Anther.
• The (Male Gametes) fertilize the (Female Gametes).
• The fertilized (Egg cells) grow in Ovules and become Seeds.
• When germinated, these Seeds started growing as (new Plants).

Image of the Plant Reproduction:

Notes: 

• The discovery of Sex in Plants was noted by two-person {Camerarius and Koelreuter} in 1761.

Mistake Points

• Seeds and fruits are formed from parts of flowers after fertilization process of sexual reproduction in plants.
• Thus, flowers, seeds and fruits all participate in the sexual reproduction process.