Evaluating Language Proficiency MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Evaluating Language Proficiency - Download Free PDF

వినడం అనేది తరచుగా ఉపయోగించే నైపుణ్యం. పెద్దవారిగా, మనం మన కమ్యూనికేషన్ సమయాన్ని దాదాపు సగం వినడంలో గడుపుతాము. విద్యార్థులు పాఠశాలలో 90% సమాచారాన్ని వినడం ద్వారా పొందుతారు. అయితే, ఒక నైపుణ్యంగా వినడం అనేది అరుదుగా తెలివిగా అభివృద్ధి చేయబడుతుంది లేదా పరీక్షించబడుతుంది. ఇప్పుడు వినడం సామర్థ్యాన్ని అభివృద్ధి చేయాలి మరియు అంచనా వేయాలి అనే గుర్తింపు ఉంది.

Key Points 

పనిని పరీక్షించడానికి వినడం కార్యకలాపాలు మ్యాప్‌లో ఒక ప్రదేశాన్ని గుర్తించడం, పేరు మరియు చిరునామా గురించి సమాచారాన్ని మార్పిడి చేసుకోవడం లేదా కథ నుండి సమాచారాన్ని సేకరించడం వంటి నిజ జీవిత పరిస్థితులను కలిగి ఉండాలి. కార్యకలాపం యొక్క లక్ష్యం స్పష్టంగా పేర్కొనబడాలి. ప్రతి కార్యకలాపం వినడం వ్యూహాలను పరీక్షించేలా రూపొందించబడాలి, వీటిలో కొన్ని వ్యూహాలు క్రింద జాబితా చేయబడ్డాయి:

• సందేశంలోని ముఖ్యమైన భాగాలను ముఖ్యం కాని భాగాల నుండి వేరు చేయడం
• ప్రధాన ఆలోచనలను గుర్తించడం
• సహాయక వివరాలను గుర్తించడం
• పని యొక్క ఉద్దేశ్యాన్ని గురించి అవగాహనను సృష్టించడం
• విన్న ముఖ్యమైన ఆలోచనలను పునరుత్పత్తి చేయడం
• ఒక నిర్దిష్ట ప్రాంతం యొక్క అవగాహనను అంచనా వేయడం
• పరీక్షకు సిద్ధంగా ఉండటానికి వ్యాకరణ నిర్మాణాలను సమీక్షించడం
• నేపథ్యంగా సమూహ చర్చను అందించడం

కాబట్టి, పైవన్నీ వినడం నైపుణ్యాలను పరీక్షించడానికి ఉపయోగించవచ్చని మనం ముగించవచ్చు.

प्रवाह भाषा में भाषण की सहजता और गति को संदर्भित करता है। इसमें भाषा का प्रवाह, अप्राकृतिक या लंबे विराम की अनुपस्थिति और बिना किसी अनावश्यक हिचकिचाहट के लगातार बोलने की क्षमता शामिल है।

Key Points

• जब एक रूब्रिक इंगित करता है कि एक छात्र "झिझक के साथ बोलता है जो कभी-कभी संचार में बाधा डालता है," यह सुझाव देता है कि छात्र प्रवाह के साथ संघर्ष कर रहा है।
• वे सही शब्दों की खोज, वाक्य निर्माण, या भाषा के नियमों को याद करने के लिए रुक सकते हैं, जो बातचीत के प्रवाह को बाधित कर सकते हैं और श्रोताओं के लिए साथ चलना मुश्किल बना सकते हैं।

Hint

• जबकि उच्चारण, व्याकरण और शब्दावली भाषा सीखने के सभी महत्वपूर्ण घटक हैं, वे प्रवाह से अलग हैं, जो विशेष रूप से भाषण की चिकनाई और गति से संबंधित है।

इसलिए, "झिझक के साथ बोलना जो कभी-कभी संचार में बाधा डालता है" प्रवाह का आकलन करने के लिए एक रूब्रिक हो सकता है।

मूल्यांकन एक ऐसा उपकरण है जो शिक्षार्थी के ज्ञान और क्षमता को मापता है। यह उन क्षेत्रों को दर्शाता है जहाँ शिक्षार्थियों में कमजोरियाँ और ताकत हैं। यह दर्शाता है कि वे जानकारी को कितनी अच्छी तरह सुन पा रहे हैं और जो वे सुन रहे हैं उसका विश्लेषण कैसे कर पा रहे हैं।

• बच्चों को कहानियों से सहज प्रेम होता है। कहानियाँ उनके लिए जादू पैदा करती हैं। यह हमें दूसरों और खुद के जीवन के बारे में बताती है। यह छात्रों के लिए अन्य संस्कृतियों की समझ और सम्मान विकसित करने का एक अनूठा तरीका है।

• श्रवण बोध को सीधे तौर पर मापा नहीं जा सकता है। कुछ परीक्षण खुले अंत वाले प्रश्नों के माध्यम से समझ में एक झलक प्रदान करते हैं जिनके लिए बच्चों को बोलने की आवश्यकता होती है, अभिव्यंजक भाषा कौशल को ग्रहणशील क्षमता के साथ मिलाते हैं।

Key Points

• छात्रों को अपनी ही शब्दों में एक कहानी को फिर से सुनाने के लिए कहा जा सकता है जिसमें वे अपने दृष्टिकोण से कहानी और उसके पात्रों की व्याख्या करेंगे।
• प्रवाह जांच पर पुनर्कथन यह सुनिश्चित करने के लिए कि बच्चे अर्थ के लिए पढ़ रहे हैं और गति के लिए नहीं, और यह भी, यह एक शिक्षक को जानने में मदद करेगा कि क्या वे ध्यान से सुन रहे थे या नहीं और किस हद तक वे सुनते समय सामग्री को समझ पा रहे हैं।

इसलिए, हम यह निष्कर्ष निकाल सकते हैं कि छात्रों का कौशल जिसका वह आकलन करने का प्रयास कर रही थी श्रवण बोध था।

आकलन सीखने की प्रक्रिया में सुधार के उद्देश्य से डेटा एकत्रित करने, प्राप्त करने और उपयोग करने की एक प्रक्रिया है। यह शिक्षण-अधिगम प्रक्रिया के महत्वपूर्ण घटकों में से एक है।​

Key Points 

भाषा दक्षता के आकलन के लिए विभिन्न संदर्भों में भाषा का उपयोग करने की क्षमता पर बल दिया जाना चाहिए।

• भाषा एक बहुत ही जटिल घटना है, वाक्य निर्माण का प्रकार और शब्दों का चयन संदर्भ से संदर्भ भिन्न होता है।
• इसलिए, विभिन्न संदर्भों में भाषा का उपयोग करने की क्षमता मूल्यांकन की प्रक्रिया में भाषा की समझ पर प्रतिबिंबित करने में मदद करेगी।
• संदर्भितकरण का अर्थ कक्षा में भाषा सीखने की सुविधा के लिए एक संदर्भ प्रदान करना है। बच्चे के पास पहले से ही कुछ पृष्ठभूमि ज्ञान या स्कीमा है, इसलिए संदर्भ को उसके अपने संदर्भ के संबंध में रखा जाना चाहिए।
• यह इस तथ्य पर आधारित है कि भाषा का उपयोग किसी विशेष संदर्भ या स्थिति को संदर्भित करने के लिए किया जाता है। भाषा शिक्षण कक्षाओं में ऐसी स्थितियाँ बनाना बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है जो शिक्षार्थियों को ज्ञात शब्दों और वाक्यों का उपयोग करने के लिए प्रेरित करें।

इसलिए, यह निष्कर्ष निकाला जा सकता है कि भाषा दक्षता के आकलन के लिए विभिन्न संदर्भों में भाषा का उपयोग करने की क्षमता पर बल दिया जाना चाहिए।

Hint  

• परियोजना कार्य, शुद्ध उच्चारण और शुद्ध शब्द भंडार भाषा सीखने के प्राथमिक उद्देश्यों में नहीं आते हैं। हालाँकि, विभिन्न संदर्भों - सामाजिक, राजनीतिक और उदारवादी में भाषा का उपयोग करना अधिक महत्वपूर्ण है।

భాషా ప్రావీణ్యతను అంచనా వేసేటప్పుడు, విశ్వసనీయమైన పరీక్ష అత్యంత ముఖ్యం. విశ్వసనీయత అంటే పరీక్ష ఫలితాల యొక్క స్థిరత్వం మరియు ఖచ్చితత్వం.Key Points  

• విశ్వసనీయమైన భాషా ప్రావీణ్యత పరీక్ష అనేది ఒకే వ్యక్తికి అనేక సార్లు నిర్వహించినప్పుడు స్థిరమైన ఫలితాలను అందించాలి మరియు అదే స్థాయి భాషా ప్రావీణ్యత కలిగిన వివిధ వ్యక్తులకు నిర్వహించినప్పుడు సారూప్య ఫలితాలను కూడా ఇవ్వాలి.

విశ్వసనీయమైన భాషా ప్రావీణ్యత పరీక్ష ఎందుకు చాలా ముఖ్యమో ఇక్కడ కొన్ని కారణాలు ఉన్నాయి:

• స్థిరత్వం: విశ్వసనీయమైన పరీక్ష పరీక్షార్థులు పొందిన స్కోర్లు కాలక్రమేణా స్థిరంగా ఉండేలా చూస్తుంది.
• సార్థకత: విశ్వసనీయత సార్థకతకు దగ్గరగా ఉంటుంది, ఇది పరీక్ష ఏమి కొలవాలనుకుంటోందో అది కొలుస్తుందా అని సూచిస్తుంది.
• న్యాయం: విశ్వసనీయమైన పరీక్ష అంచనా ప్రక్రియలో న్యాయాన్ని నిర్ధారిస్తుంది. ఇది పక్షపాతాలు లేదా అన్యాయమైన ప్రయోజనాలను ప్రవేశపెట్టకుండా, అన్ని పరీక్షార్థులను స్థిరంగా వారి భాషా ప్రావీణ్యతను అంచనా వేయడం ద్వారా సమానంగా చూస్తుంది.
• తోడ్పాటు: విశ్వసనీయమైన పరీక్ష పరీక్షార్థుల మధ్య అర్థవంతమైన పోలికలను అనుమతిస్తుంది.

చివరగా, భాషా ప్రావీణ్యత పరీక్ష విశ్వసనీయమైనదిగా ఉండాలి.

Various tests are conducted to assess the performance of a learner. 

Key Points

Subjective test is a type of test which measures the language skills naturally as it consists of such questions which:

• require answers with a full logical explanation.

• need learner's self-expression and open responses.

• evaluates overall language achievement of learners.

Hence, subjective test measures the language skill naturally.

Additional Information

Language Proficiency: When a child speaks a language fluently and clearly, he is said to achieve language proficiency. To vanish error while using language, a child must be proficient in skills like listening, speaking, reading, and writing. A child is evaluated based on these skills itself. The following are the characteristics of the language proficiency test:

• It should be such that it is according to students of all categories.
• The test should examine each skill that makes a student language proficient.
• Organizations such as IELTS, TOEFL, CELT, are responsible for conducting language proficiency test at the international level.
• It should give the proper idea of the area of improvement.

A test as an instrument of evaluation is a systematic procedure of description, collection and interpretation in order to measure the test taker's achievement ability, knowledge, and performance of what they have been learned in the learning process and to get a value judgment.

A Cloze Test is a reading comprehension assessment whereby the participant is presented with a passage that has missing words or signs, and then just fill in the blanks. It tests the participant user's ability to decode systemically interrupted and disjointed messages by making the most acceptable substitutions.

Key Points

Cloze test is a test in which:

• the words are replaced with spaces at regular intervals in a given text.

• the student has to fill the spaces with suitable words to make meaningful sentences.

• the student is required to identify the correct word by understanding the context of the text.

Additional Information

Other notable tests:

So, it could be interpreted that the above-mentioned task is a cloze test.

Various tests are conducted to assess the performance of a learner. A few of them are mentioned below:

Proficiency test measures a student's achievement concerning a specific task which he will later be required to perform as it is a type of language test which:

• requires to be reliable, valid and easy to understand

• measures the ability of a person to listen, speak, read and write

• evaluates how well an individual can use language to communicate in daily life

• tests the level of learner's language skills to make them proficient in communication

Other types of test along with their explanation are stated below:

Hence, we conclude that the productive test measures a student’s achievement in relation to a specific task which he will later be required to perform

Proficiency Test measures how well an individual has mastered a language. It is the ability of a person that transfers meaning in production and comprehension to use language with a level of accuracy.

Aim of the Language Proficiency Test:

• It determines the level of accuracy in a specific language.
• It determines a person's knowledge in the whole language, like knowledge, speaking, and writing skills.
• It evaluates how well an individual can use language to communicate in daily life.
• It must be reliable, valid, and easy to understand to test the level of learner's language skills to make them proficient in communication.
• It is an important tool to test the level of learner's language skills to make them proficient in communication.
• Language proficiency tests are considered to evaluate people’s skills in a language.
• To enhance student’s academic skills.

Examples of Proficiency Tests-

• International English Language Test System (IELTS)
• Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that the basic requirement of a language proficiency test is that it must be reliable.

Language proficiency refers to the ability of an individual to use language skills accurately and appropriately in real-life situations. It evaluates how well an individual can use language to communicate in daily life.

• Accuracy and fluency are the two elements involved in language proficiency.
•  The capability through which the learner correctly pronounces a sentence, while using the correct grammar and terminology is called accuracy.

Key PointsWays in reference to the child in language learning:

• The level of accuracy of a child at the primary level is different from that of an adult. 
• In reference to learning proficiency, fluency means the ability through which a child is spontaneously able to express herself by speaking, reading, and writing. In this, emphasis is laid on meaning and context rather than on grammatical errors.
• In order to learn a language from an overall perspective,
  children have to be skilled in both. 
• Binet and Simon 1905 defined it as the “ability to judge well, to understand well, and to reason well”.

​Hence the ability that enables the child to speak, read and write with felicity and express herself is called fluency.

Important Points Language proficiency refers to fluency, accuracy, and appropriateness as language proficiency is the:

• ability to express ideas spontaneously by speaking, writing, etc. 
• ability to use language with a high level of accuracy and authenticity.
• ability to communicate appropriately and properly in the target language.

Language Proficiency Test is the measurement of how well an individual has mastered a language. It is the ability of a person that transfers meaning in production and comprehension to use language with a level of accuracy. It used to check the ability to speak, read and write the language.

Salient Features of a Good Language Proficiency Test:

• Tests should have a positive effect on learning and teaching.
• Tests should aim at specifying areas of difficulties experienced by the class or the individual.
• Questions in the test should be of many types like objective Type, Short Answer Type, and Essay Type questions.
• Tests should determine the level of accuracy in a specific language.
• The test should enable the teachers to find out which parts of the language program cause difficulty for the class.

Questions can be classified on the basis of the nature of the questions and constructed to gather the qualitative and quantitative data from the students. It may be close or open-ended questions.

Key Points

• Open-ended questions give liberty to the respondents to express their views. They give tremendous freedom to the respondents to answer according to their interpretation.
• They are helpful to determine the argument power, presentation skills, and creativity of the students.
• It encourages critical thinking, problem-solving as they are free to express their ideas.
• In extended or free-response type items, the students are given almost complete freedom in making their responses, and in restricted response type items, the nature, length, or organization of the response is limited.

​Thus, it is concluded that Open-ended questions give more scope for Rote learning is NOT the right answer.

Reading texts typically implies a wide range of structures and vocabulary, registers and styles, formats, and patterns of organization. The type of reading activity we, engage in with such 'real' reading texts is also very different from the traditional classroom approach to a specially written text.

Key Points

Verbs determine the relations between the different words in the sentence according to the grammar of the language. It treats the structure of sentences and their structural relationships with one another.

• A verb is a word or a combination of words that indicate an action or a state of being or condition. A verb is the part of a sentence that tells us the relationship between different parts of sentences like an affirmative sentence, negative sentence, complex sentences, etc.
• That verb may be a single word or a word made up of more than one word.
  • Examples:
  • Jacob walks in the morning. 
  • Mike is going to school. 
  • Albert likes to walk. 
  • Anna is a good girl.

Additional Information

Hence, we can conclude that While reading a text, a Verb can help students understand the relations between the parts of a sentence.

Proficiency refers to the idea of how much of a foreign language a person knows. It is the general language skill or expertness of the learner, irrespective of the training he may have had. 

Key Points

Accuracy and fluency are the two elements involved in language proficiency. as explained below:

• The capability through which the learner correctly pronounces a sentence, while using the correct grammar and terminology is called accuracy.
• The level of accuracy of a child at primary level is different from that of an adult.
• At each and every level, a child learns language by committing mistakes.
• A child’s errors help her in learning and simultaneously even while committing error she is following the rules of language.
• In reference to the learning proficiency, fluency means the ability through which a child is spontaneously able to express herself by speaking, reading and writing. In this, emphasis is laid on meaning and context rather than on grammatical errors.
• Appropriacy refers to the idea if a word is suitable in context of being used.

Hence, we conclude that fluency, appropriacy and accuracy involved in language proficiency.