Computer Basic MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Computer Basic - Download Free PDF

The Correct answer is Yottabyte.

Key Points

• Petabyte: A petabyte (PB) is one of the units for digital information storage, equal to 1,024 terabytes (TB). While large, it is not the highest in the list.
• Yottabyte: A yottabyte (YB) is the largest recognized unit of digital information, equal to 1,024 zettabytes (ZB).
  • It is much larger than a petabyte, but it is not commonly used due to its massive size.
• Zettabyte: A zettabyte (ZB) is smaller than a yottabyte but still a very large unit of data, equal to 1,024 exabytes (EB).
• Exabyte: An exabyte (EB) is larger than a petabyte but smaller than a zettabyte, equal to 1,024 petabytes.

Additional Information

• The memory unit is the amount of data that can be stored in the storage unit.
• This storage capacity is expressed in terms of Bytes.
  • Bit (Binary Digit): A binary digit is logical 0 and 1 representing a passive or an active state of a component in an electric circuit.
  • Nibble: A group of 4 bits is called a nibble.
  • Byte: A group of 8 bits is called byte. A byte is the smallest unit, which can represent a data item or a character.
  • Word: A computer word, like a byte, is a group of a fixed number of bits processed as a unit, which varies from computer to computer but is fixed for each computer.
  • Memory units with no. of Bytes:

​Data Storage Units Chart: From Smallest to Largest

Key Points

• ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
• It is a character encoding standard used in computers and other devices that use text.
• ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices.
• Each ASCII code represents a unique character, such as a letter, number, or symbol.
• It was developed in the early 1960s and is based on the English alphabet.

 Additional Information

• FORTRAN
  • FORTRAN stands for Formula Translation and is one of the oldest high-level programming languages.
  • It was developed in the 1950s by IBM for scientific and engineering calculations.
• BASIC
  • BASIC stands for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.
  • It was designed in the 1960s to provide an easy-to-learn programming language for beginners.
• COBOL
  • COBOL stands for Common Business-Oriented Language.
  • It was developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s for business data processing.

Key Points

• Machine languages are the most basic type of programming languages. They are written in binary code (0s and 1s) that the computer's central processing unit (CPU) can execute directly.
• Assembly languages are a step above machine languages. They use symbols and abbreviations to represent machine-level instructions, making them easier for humans to read and write. Assembly language instructions are then translated into machine code by an assembler.
• High-level languages are the most advanced type of programming languages. They are designed to be easy for humans to read and write. Examples include Python, Java, and C++. High-level languages are translated into machine code through compilers or interpreters.
• These three types of languages represent the evolution of programming languages, from the low-level, hardware-specific machine languages to the more abstract, human-friendly high-level languages.
• Understanding the distinction between these types of languages is crucial for computer science and programming studies, as it highlights the progression and abstraction levels in software development.

 Additional Information

• COBOL, BASIC and PROLOG
  • These are examples of high-level programming languages but do not encompass the basic types of languages used in computers.
  • COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems.
  • BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) was designed for beginners and is known for its simplicity.
  • PROLOG (Programming in Logic) is used in artificial intelligence and computational linguistics.
• FOTRAN, PL/I and SNOWBOL
  • These are specific examples of high-level programming languages.
  • FORTRAN (Formula Translation) is used mainly for scientific and engineering applications.
  • PL/I (Programming Language One) is designed for data processing, numerical computation, and system programming.
  • SNOBOL (String-Oriented Symbolic Language) is used for text and string manipulation.

Key Points

• Vacuum Tube is correctly matched with Used in First Generation Computers.
• In the early stages of computing, vacuum tubes were used as the primary method for electronic signal processing.
• Floopy Disk is correctly matched with Magnetic Storage Device.
• Floopy disks were widely used as a portable storage solution and utilize magnetic storage technology to read and write data.
• CD-ROM is correctly matched with Optical Storage Device.
• CD-ROMs use optical technology to store data and are read by laser beams, making them reliable for data storage and distribution.
• Transistors are correctly matched with Used in Second Generation Computers.
• Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation of computers, providing more efficiency and reliability.

 Additional Information

• Vacuum Tubes
  • Vacuum tubes were a critical component in the first generation of computers, such as the ENIAC.
  • They are large, consume a lot of power, and generate a significant amount of heat.
• Floopy Disks
  • The 3.5-inch floppy disk was the most popular size, capable of storing 1.44 MB of data.
  • They were a common method of data transfer and backup in the 1980s and 1990s.
• CD-ROM
  • CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc Read-Only Memory and was introduced in the 1980s.
  • They typically store up to 700 MB of data and are used for software distribution, multimedia applications, and data storage.
• Transistors
  • Transistors are semiconductor devices that can amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.
  • They significantly reduced the size and power consumption of computers compared to vacuum tubes.

Key Points

• HTML File - Web Format: HTML files are primarily used to create webpages and are rendered by web browsers.
• PDF File - Text Format: PDF stands for Portable Document Format, which is used to present documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
• JPG File - Image Format: JPG (or JPEG) is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.
• AVI File - Film Format: AVI stands for Audio Video Interleave, which is a multimedia container format introduced by Microsoft, used to store both audio and video data in a file.

 Additional Information

• HTML File
  • HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
  • It is the standard language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser.
• PDF File
  • PDF is developed by Adobe.
  • PDFs can contain text, images, links, forms, and other media.
• JPG File
  • JPG is short for Joint Photographic Experts Group.
  • It is widely used due to its ability to compress images to a smaller file size.
• AVI File
  • AVI was introduced by Microsoft in November 1992 as part of its Video for Windows software.
  • It allows synchronous audio-with-video playback.

The correct answer is Recording once done is irreversible:

Key Points

• In computer media, write once, read many, or WORM, is a data storage technology that allows data to be written to a storage medium a single time and prevents the data from being erased or modified.
• Storage media that support WORM storage are purposely non-rewritable to prevent anyone from intentionally or accidentally erasing or modifying the data after it is initially stored.
• WORM media was developed in the late 1970s using optical disks. Over the years, these disks have varied from 5.25 to 14 inches in diameter.
• The CD-R, DVD-R, and BD-R optical discs for computers are common WORM devices.

Additional Information

• Optical media refers to any data storage device or equipment that uses optical data storage and retrieval techniques to read and write data.
• The first recorded historical use of an optical disc was in 1884 when Alexander Graham Bell, Chichester Bell, and Charles Sumner Tainter recorded sound on a glass disc using a beam of light.
• There are three main types of optical media: CD, DVD, and Blu-ray.

The correct answer is 7.

Key PointsASCII

• ASCII is a 7-bit code.
• It uses seven bits to represent a letter or a punctuation mark.
• It stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
• It is a standard data-encoding format for electronic communication between computers. 
• ASCII assigns standard numeric values to letters, numerals, punctuation marks, and other characters used in computers.
• The code was first published as a standard in 1967. 

The correct answer is "Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte".

Key Points

The Correct answer is Object-oriented:

Key Points

•  Programming Language:
  • ​It is a system of Notation for writing a computer program.
  • First GL is also called Machine Language.
  • The second GL is called assembly Language.
  • Third GL is called a High-level programming language.
  • Fourth GL aims for a higher level of abstraction of internal computer hardware details.
  • Fifth GLare is based on problem-solving.
  • FORTRAN was invented in 1954 by John Backus at IBM.
  • C was developed between 1969 and 1973.

Additional Information

• Java:
  • ​Java was developed by James Gosling in 1995 at sun Microsystem.
  • Greenstone 3 is written in java.
  • AJAX is an acronym for Asynchronous javascript and XML.

The Correct answer is Ctrl + K.

Key Points

The Correct answer is Router.

Key Points

• Router.
  • A router is an electronic device that interconnects two or more networks, and selectively interchanges packets of data between them.
  • Routers perform traffic-directing functions on the Internet. Data sent through the internet, such as a web page or email, is in the form of data packets.
  • A packet is typically forwarded from one router to another router through the networks that constitute an internetwork until it reaches its destination node.
  • A router is connected to two or more data lines from different IP networks.

Additional Information

• Switches
  • ​A network switch forwards data packets between devices.
  • Switches are networking devices operating at layer 2 or a data link layer of the OSI model.
  • Switches can be hardware devices that manage physical networks or software-based virtual devices.
• Hub
  • ​A network hub is a node that broadcasts data to every computer or Ethernet-based device connected to it.
  •  A hub has many ports in it. They are generally used to connect computers in a LAN.
• Gateway:
  • A gateway is a crucial network node in telecommunications that serves as a bridge between two networks with different transmission protocols. 
  • Gateways are used to connect and facilitate communication between two networks that use different transmission protocols or technologies. 
• Nibble:
  • In computing, a nibble is a four-bit aggregation or half an octet.
  • It is also known as a half-byte or tetrade.
  • In a networking or telecommunication context, the nibble is often called a semi-octet, quadbit, or quartet.
  • A nibble has sixteen (24) possible values.
  • A nibble can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit (0–F) and called a hex digit.
• ​Cable:
  • ​Network cabling is the process of connecting devices to an Internet source.
  • Network cables can be divided into four types: coaxial, shielded twisted pair (STP), unshielded twisted pair (UTP), or fibre optic.

The Correct answer is Procedural Language.

Key Points

• A procedural language
  • It uses a sequence of statements to attain a goal.
  • These steps are called procedures, and a program in such languages contains one or more of these procedures. Common examples include:
    • C and C++
    • Java
    • Pascal
    • BASIC

Additional Information

• A programming language is a formalized set of instructions that enables a programmer to communicate with a computer and provide it with specific tasks and operations to perform. 

Other Types of PRogramming Languages:

• Functional programming language:
  • ​Functional programming languages prioritize mathematical function outputs over statement execution.
  • Functions, as reusable code modules, complete tasks and yield results based on input data. Prominent functional languages are:
    • Scala
    • Erlang
    • Haskell
    • Elixir
    • F#
• Object-oriented programming languages:
  • ​Object-oriented programming languages treat programs as object collections with data (attributes) and operations (methods).
  • Objects can be reused within or across programs, making them ideal for complex tasks with reusable, scalable code. Notable object-oriented languages:
    • Java
    • PHP
    • C++
    • Ruby
    • Python
• Scripting languages:
  • ​Scripting languages automate tasks, handle dynamic web content, and aid processes in bigger apps.
  • Common scripting languages:
    • PHP
    • Ruby
    • Python
    • bash
    • Perl
    • Node.js
• Logic programming languages:
  • Logic programming languages convey decisions by presenting facts and rules, as opposed to direct instructions. Examples:
    • Prolog
    • Absys
    • Datalog
    • Alma-0

The correct answer is 256.

Key Points

• The full form is ASCII American Standard Code For Information Interchange.
• It has 256 codes.
• ASCII was developed by a working committee, known as X3.4 Constituted by IBM, AT&T & it's subsidiary Teletype.
• This code was an 8-bit character coding system and the arrangement was logical.
• This particular version of code considered only the upper case characters.

Important Points

• The ASCII table contains letters, numbers, control characters, and other symbols.
• Each character is assigned a unique 7-bit code.
• ASCII is an initial for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

The correct answer is It is Volatile.

Key Points

Characteristics of Main Memory:

• It is faster for computer memory as compared to secondary memory.
• It is semiconductor memories.
• It is usually a volatile memory.
• It is the main memory of the computer.
• A computer system cannot run without primary memory.

Additional Information

Memory is of three types:

• Primary memory
• Secondary memory
• Cache memory

Volatile and Non Volatile memory

• Volatile memory is used to store information based on the power supply.
• If the power supply is off, all the data & information on this memory will be lost. For example, RAM (Random Access Memory). 
• Whereas non-volatile memory is used to store information even when the power supply is off. 
• For example, ROM (Read Only Memory).

The Correct answer is Assembler.

Key Points

• Assembler:
  • An assembler specifically deals with assembly language, which is a low-level symbolic language.
  • It translates assembly code into machine code, which is the binary code that the computer's CPU can directly execute.
  • The assembler processes the code on a one-to-one basis, translating each assembly instruction into its machine code equivalent.

Additional Information

• Compiler:
  • ​A compiler translates high-level source code (like C, C++, Java) into machine code or an intermediate code.
  • It handles the entire program at once and generates an executable file.
• Interpreters:
  • An interpreter executes code line by line without creating a separate executable file.
  • It reads the source code and directly interprets and executes it.
• Virus:
  • A virus is a malicious program that can replicate itself and infect other programs or files.
  • It is unrelated to the process of translating code but rather a type of harmful software.