Which of the following statements is true about the Air Quality Index? 

The correct answer is - It estimates air pollution mainly sulphur content in the air

Key Points

• Air Quality Index (AQI)
  • The AQI is a measure used to indicate the level of air pollution in a specific area.
  • It helps the public understand how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecasted to become.
  • AQI primarily includes measurements of pollutants such as particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.
  • Among these pollutants, the estimation of sulfur content is crucial as sulfur dioxide (SO2) can lead to respiratory problems and other health issues.

Additional Information

• Pollutants measured by AQI
  • Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5)
    • These are tiny particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, causing various health issues.
  • Ground-level Ozone (O3)
    • Ozone at ground level is a harmful air pollutant. It can cause breathing difficulties and aggravate asthma.
  • Carbon Monoxide (CO)
    • Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can be harmful when inhaled in large amounts. It prevents the blood from carrying oxygen to cells, tissues, and organs.
  • Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
    • Sulfur dioxide can cause respiratory problems and is a key component of acid rain.
  • Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
    • Nitrogen dioxide is another pollutant that can irritate the airways in the human respiratory system.
• Health Effects of Air Pollution
  • Exposure to high levels of air pollution can lead to various health issues such as respiratory infections, heart disease, and lung cancer.
  • Children, the elderly, and individuals with preexisting health conditions are more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution.
• Preventive Measures
  • Using public transportation, reducing industrial emissions, and implementing stricter environmental regulations can help reduce air pollution levels.
  • Individuals can also take personal measures such as wearing masks, using air purifiers, and avoiding outdoor activities during high pollution days.