The Fundamental Duties are encapsulated under which Article of the Constitution?

The correct answer is Article 51 A.

Key Points

• Article 51 A of the Indian Constitution deals with the Fundamental Duties of citizens.
• Fundamental Duties were added to the Indian Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976, based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
• Originally, there were ten Fundamental Duties, but the 86th Amendment Act in 2002 added an eleventh duty.
• These duties are non-justiciable, meaning they are not enforceable by law but serve as moral obligations for citizens.
• The Fundamental Duties encompass respect for the Constitution, national symbols, and institutions, promoting harmony, protecting the environment, and striving for excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.

Additional Information

• Swaran Singh Committee:
  • Established in 1976, the committee was headed by Sardar Swaran Singh, the then Minister of External Affairs.
  • It was tasked with examining the Constitution and recommending changes to strengthen it, leading to the inclusion of Fundamental Duties.
• 42nd Amendment Act (1976):
  • Also known as the "Mini-Constitution," it brought extensive changes to the Constitution, including the addition of Fundamental Duties.
  • It aimed to curb the abuse of power and reinforce the responsibility of citizens towards the nation.
• 86th Amendment Act (2002):
  • This amendment added the eleventh Fundamental Duty, which emphasizes the responsibility of parents or guardians to provide opportunities for education to their children between the ages of six and fourteen.
• Non-justiciable Nature:
  • Unlike Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by courts.
  • They serve as moral guidelines for citizens to follow, promoting a sense of duty and discipline.
• List of Fundamental Duties:
  • Respect the Constitution, national flag, and national anthem.
  • Uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
  • Promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood.
  • Value and preserve the rich heritage of the country's composite culture.
  • Protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife.