In which of the following regions of India is black soil found?

The correct answer is Deccan Plateau.

Key Points

• Black soil, also known as Regur soil, is predominantly found in the Deccan Plateau region of India.
• This soil is formed from the weathering of volcanic rocks, specifically the basaltic lava flows, making it highly fertile.
• The Deccan Plateau covers parts of states like Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
• Black soil is ideal for growing crops such as cotton, sugarcane, cereals, and oilseeds, hence its nickname "cotton soil."
• It has a high clay content, excellent moisture retention properties, and is rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, and potash.

Additional Information

• Black Soil Characteristics:
  • Black soil has fine texture and is highly compact, which makes it suitable for dry farming.
  • It swells and becomes sticky when wet but develops deep cracks during dry periods, aiding aeration.
  • Despite its fertility, it has low nitrogen and organic matter content.
• Other Soil Types in India:
  • Alluvial Soil: Found in river basins and plains, suitable for crops like rice and wheat.
  • Red Soil: Rich in iron, found in southern and eastern India, used for crops like pulses and millets.
  • Laterite Soil: Found in areas with high rainfall, ideal for tea and coffee plantations.
• Importance of Soil in Agriculture:
  • Soil provides essential nutrients and water to plants, facilitating their growth.
  • Different soil types cater to the cultivation of specific crops based on their properties.
• Regions of the Deccan Plateau:
  • The Deccan Plateau is a triangular landmass bounded by the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and the Satpura range.
  • Its volcanic origin contributes to the extensive presence of black soil in this region.