From which country, the Indian Constitution has taken reference for the idea of the Fundamental Rights?

This question was previously asked in
69th BPSC Prelims Exam Official Paper (Held On: 30 Sept, 2023)
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  1. Ireland
  2. United States of America
  3. United Kingdom
  4. Canada

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : United States of America
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is United States of America.

Key Points

  • The Indian Constitution drew inspiration for the idea of fundamental rights from several sources, including the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and various other democratic countries.
  • The concept of fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution is influenced by the Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution, the Magna Carta of England, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations.

The Fundamental Rights:

The Constitution of India provides for six Fundamental Rights:

  • Right to equality (Articles 14–18)
  • Right to freedom (Articles 19–22)
  • Right against exploitation (Articles 23–24)
  • Right to freedom of religion (Articles 25–28)
  • Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29–30)
  • Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32)

Additional Information Sources of the Indian Constitution:

Sl.No Countries Borrowed Features of Indian Constitution
1 Australia
Concurrent list
Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse
Joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament
2 Canada
Federation with a strong Centre
Vesting of residuary powers in the Centre
Appointment of state governors by the Centre
Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
3 Ireland
Directive Principles of State Policy
Nomination of members to Rajya Sabha
Method of election of the president
4 Japan Procedure Established by law
5 Soviet Union (USSR) (now, Russia)
Fundamental duties
Ideals of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble
6 UK
Parliamentary government
Rule of Law
Legislative procedure
Single Citizenship
Cabinet system
Prerogative writs
Parliamentary privileges
Bicameralism
7 US
Fundamental rights
Independence of judiciary
Judicial review
Impeachment of the president
Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges
Post of vice-president
8 Germany (Weimar) Suspension of Fundamental Rights during emergency
9 South Africa
Procedure for amendment in the Indian Constitution
Election of members of Rajya Sabha
10 France
Republic
Ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity in the Preamble
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