The vitamin which has a metal atom in it is:

Concept:

• Vitamins are biomolecules needed in small quantities that regulate many biochemical functions and prevents the development of many diseases.
• A lack of many or one of the vitamins leads to many deficiency diseases.
• Most vitamins come from food because the body either does not produce them or produces very little.
• Vitamins are of two types.
  • Fat-soluble vitamins- Vitamins A, D, E, K
  • Water-soluble vitamins- Vitamin C and all the B vitamins.

Vitamin B - complex:

• It is a group of vitamins containing vitamins B₁, B₂, B₆, B₁₂, biotin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, and nicotinic acid.
• Water-soluble nitrogen-containing vitamins are required to release energy from food and to promote healthy skin and muscles.

Explanation:

Vitamin B₁₂- Characteristics-

• It is a deep red crystalline solid containing a cobalt atom and a cyanide group soluble in water, alcohol, and acetone.
• The chemical name is Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin.
• It is essential for the nervous system.
• Low levels may lead to neurological problems and some types of anemia.
• The deficiency of this vitamin causes pernicious anemia which is inflammation of the mouth and tongue.
• The structure is given as follows:

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• From the structure, we see that in the center there is a cobalt ion.
• Vitamin B₆ is a mixture of three substances calked pyridoxine, pyridoxal, or pyridoxamine. Low levels may lead to anemia and peripheral neuropathy.
• Vitamin C is ascorbic acid and antiscorbutic. Deficiency causes Scurvy, which causes bleeding in gums, loss of teeth, and poor tissue growth and wound healing.
• Vitamin D is also called the sunshine vitamins and is needed for the healthy functioning of bones and muscles. Deficiency causes Rickets and Osteomalacia.

​Hence, the vitamin which has a metal atom in it is B₁₂.