The process of producing electric current through the variable magnetic field is called ___________.

CONCEPT:

• Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic Induction: Whenever the number of magnetic lines of force (magnetic flux) passing through a circuit changes an emf is produced in the circuit called induced emf. 
  • When an electric circuit is completed then an electric current flows through it. This current is called an induced current.
  • Induced emf is developed between the two ends of a rod rotating about its one end in a perpendicular magnetic field.

• Electromagnetic induction: The process of producing electric current through the variable magnetic field is called Electromagnetic Induction.
  • The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction was discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831.
  • In this process when a wire loop is subjected to a varying magnetic flux, Electromotive Force (EMF) is induced in it, leading to the flow of current.

EXPLANATION:

• The process of producing electric current through the variable magnetic field is called electromagnetic induction. So option 3 is correct.

Additional Information

• The magnetic flux passing through the loop can be altered in the following ways:
  • By changing the magnetic field through it.
  • By altering the area of the loop.
  • By changing the angle between the plane of the loop and the Magnetic field (changing orientation).
• The direction of the induced  EMF of current is given by Lenz's law.
• The phenomenon is the working principle of the electric generator.