Question
Download Solution PDFThe principle of 'Environmental Impact Assessment' was introduced for the first time in the National Environmental Policy Act of _____________
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is 'National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, United States of America'
Key Points
- Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA):
- The concept of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process that evaluates the environmental consequences of a proposed activity or project before it is implemented.
- The primary objective of EIA is to ensure that decision-makers consider environmental impacts when deciding whether or not to proceed with a project.
- National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969:
- NEPA was enacted in the United States in 1969 and came into effect on January 1, 1970.
- It was the first legislation to mandate an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for federal projects to minimize adverse effects on the environment.
- The Act emphasizes transparency, public participation, and sustainable development, making it a landmark in global environmental policymaking.
- NEPA requires federal agencies to prepare Environmental Assessments (EAs) and Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) for projects that could significantly impact the environment.
Additional Information
- Other options explained:
- France: France has environmental assessment procedures, but the principle of EIA was not pioneered in France. France's environmental policies have evolved significantly over time, but NEPA in the USA predates them.
- Switzerland: Switzerland is known for its environmental preservation and sustainability measures, but it did not introduce the principle of EIA. Switzerland’s environmental legislation is robust but developed later.
- England: While England has a well-established environmental regulation framework, it did not pioneer the concept of EIA. The European Union later adopted EIA principles, and England implemented them as part of EU directives.
- Global Influence of NEPA:
- NEPA inspired other countries and international organizations to adopt EIA practices, making it a model for environmental legislation worldwide.
- For instance, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) promotes EIA as a critical tool for achieving sustainable development globally.
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