Sodium metal should be stored in -

The correct answer is Kerosene.

Key Points

• Sodium metal is highly reactive and can easily react with water or moisture in the air, producing hydrogen gas and heat, which may lead to explosions.
• To prevent such reactions, sodium is stored in kerosene, a non-reactive liquid that isolates the metal from air and water.
• Kerosene acts as a protective medium by creating a physical barrier, ensuring the safe storage of sodium metal.
• Other storage mediums like water, alcohol, and open air are unsuitable as they react with sodium, causing hazardous chemical reactions.
• Sodium's reactive nature makes it essential for laboratories and industries to follow strict safety protocols during storage and handling.

Additional Information

• Reactivity of Sodium:
  • Sodium is an alkali metal belonging to Group 1 of the periodic table, known for its high reactivity.
  • It reacts vigorously with water to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H₂), releasing significant heat.
  • Its reactivity increases when exposed to air due to oxidation, forming sodium oxide or sodium hydroxide.
• Properties of Kerosene:
  • Kerosene is a hydrocarbon liquid commonly used as a fuel and solvent.
  • It is non-reactive with sodium and other alkali metals, making it ideal for storing reactive substances.
  • Kerosene's low volatility and stable nature further ensure safe storage conditions for sodium.
• Storage and Handling of Reactive Metals:
  • Reactive metals like sodium, potassium, and lithium must be stored in inert or non-reactive substances.
  • Proper labeling, airtight containers, and isolation from flammable materials are critical for safety.
  • Emergency protocols should be in place to address accidental spills or reactions.
• Applications of Sodium:
  • Sodium is widely used in industries for the production of chemicals like sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
  • It serves as a coolant in nuclear reactors and is used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber.
  • Sodium vapor lamps are employed for street lighting due to their high efficiency and bright light output.