Piezometric head is the sum of

Explanation:

Piezometric head refers to the height to which a column of liquid will rise in a piezometer tube, which measures the pressure in the fluid at a given point. It is the sum of two components:

• Pressure head — the height equivalent of the fluid pressure at the point.

• Datum head — the elevation of the point of measurement relative to a chosen reference level (usually taken as sea level or the base of the system).

• The piezometric head does not include velocity head, because it measures the static pressure condition of the fluid at rest or in slow movement — typically used in evaluating groundwater levels or pressures in pipelines.

 Additional Informatio

• Total head = pressure head + velocity head + datum head (used in Bernoulli’s equation).

• Hydraulic gradient is calculated from differences in piezometric head between two points.

• Piezometric head is critical in groundwater flow, seepage analysis, and pipeline design to ensure proper pressure management.