It is given that 5 does not divide n - 1, n and n + 1, where n is a positive integer. Which one of the following is correct ? 

This question was previously asked in
CDS Elementary Mathematics 16 April 2023 Official Paper
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  1. 5 divides (n2 + 1)  
  2. 5 divides (n2 - 1) 
  3. 5 divides (n2 + n)  
  4. 5 divides (n2- n) 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : 5 divides (n2 + 1)  
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Detailed Solution

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Concept:

Divisibility rule of 5: A number is divisible by 5 only if the unit digit is 0 or 5.

Calculation:

Let n - 1, n & n + 1 be 6, 7 & 8.

⇒ n2 + 1 = 72 + 1 = 50

⇒ n2 - 1 = 72 - 1 = 48

⇒ n2 + n = 72 + 7 =  56

⇒ n2 - 7 = 72 - 7 = 42

∴ 5 divides n2 + 1 

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