Electronegativity is the measure of :

The correct answer is Non-metallic character.

Key Points

• Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.
• Higher electronegativity indicates a greater ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself.
• Non-metallic elements typically have higher electronegativity values compared to metallic elements.
• Fluorine is the most electronegative element, with a value of 3.98 on the Pauling scale.

Additional Information

• Pauling Scale
  • The Pauling scale is the most commonly used scale for measuring electronegativity.
  • It was introduced by Linus Pauling in 1932.
  • On this scale, values range from 0 to 4, with fluorine assigned the highest value of 3.98.
• Periodic Trends
  • Electronegativity generally increases across a period from left to right in the periodic table.
  • It decreases down a group as the atomic radius increases.
• Factors Affecting Electronegativity
  • Atomic radius: Smaller atoms have higher electronegativity.
  • Nuclear charge: Higher nuclear charge increases electronegativity.
  • Shielding effect: More inner electrons can decrease electronegativity.
• Applications
  • Electronegativity is crucial in predicting the type of bond (ionic or covalent) formed between atoms.
  • It helps in understanding the polarity of molecules and their chemical reactivity.