Copper wire and a steel wire of equal length and equal thickness are connected in series with a battery. Which of them will get more heated ?

  1. steel
  2. copper
  3. equally heated
  4. insufficient data to reply

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : steel
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Detailed Solution

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CONCEPT:

  • Whenever a current is flowing in the resistance then heat is produced in it.
  • The phenomenon of producing heat by the electric current is called the heating effect of electric current.
  • The amount of heat produced (H) in joules  = IR t = VIt

Where I = current, R = resistance, t = the time taken, and V = electric potential 

EXPLANATION:

  • Here both steel wire and copper wire are connected in series and as we know in series combination the current remains the same
  • As the resistance of a steel wire is greater than copper wire of equal length and equal thickness because the resistivity of steel wire is greater than copper wire.
  • The amount of heat produced (H) in joules 

⇒ H = IR t

⇒ H ∝ R

  • As R is more for steel wire, therefore it will get more heated. Hence option 1 is correct.
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