Bernoulli's equation is applied to:

Concept:

• Bernoulli's equation states that the summation of pressure head, kinetic head and datum/potential head is constant for steady, incompressible, irrotational and non-viscous flow. i.e. 

\(\frac{{{P_1}}}{{\rho g}} + \frac{{V_1^2}}{{2g}} + {z_1} = \frac{{{P_2}}}{{\rho g}} + \frac{{V_2^2}}{{2g}} + {z_2} + {h_f}\)

• In other words an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy i.e. the total energy of a flowing system remain constant until external force is applied. So Bernoulli’s equation refers to conservation of energy.
• All flow measuring devices like Venturimeter, Orifice meter, Pitot tube meter works on the Bernoulli’s theorem.

• Bernoulli’s equation assumptions:

  • Fluid is ideal, i.e. fluid has zero viscosity
  • Flow is steady
  • Flow is continuous
  • Flow is incompressible
  • Flow is irrotational
  • Flow is along a stream line.