Modern Indian History MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Modern Indian History - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is 1946.

Key Points

• In 1946, Mahatma Gandhi visited Noakhali and other riot-torn areas to stop communal violence.
• The riots in Noakhali took place in the backdrop of unrest due to the demand for partition by the Muslim league.
• This happened in Noakhali, a place in then Bengal(now in Bangladesh) in the year 1946.
• Gandhiji visited the place to advocate his message of non-violence.
• A large scale of atrocities was committed against the members of the Hindu community.

Additional Information

• Important movements by Gandhi Ji:
  • ​1915 - Mahatma Gandhi returns from South Africa.
  • 1917 - Champaran movement.
  • 1918 - Peasant movements in Kheda (Gujarat), and workers’ movement in Ahmadabad
  • 1919 - Rowlatt Satyagraha (March-April).
  • 1919 - Jallianwala Bagh massacre (April).
  • 1921 - Non-cooperation and Khilafat Movements.
  • 1928 - Peasant movement in Bardoli.
  • 1929 - Purna Swaraj accepted as Congress's goal at the Lahore Congress (December).
  • 1930 - Civil Disobedience Movement begins; Dandi March (March-April).
  • 1931 - Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March); Second Round Table Conference (December).
  • 1935 - The Government of India Act promises some form of representative government.
  • 1939 - Congress ministries resigned.
  • 1942 - Quit India Movement begins (August).
  • 1946 - Mahatma Gandhi visits Noakhali and other riot-torn areas to stop communal violence.

The correct answer is Chicago.

Important Points 

• Swami Vivekananda participated at the Parliament of Religions held in Chicago (USA) on 11th September 1893 and raised the prestige of India and Hinduism very high.
• He preached Vedantic Philosophy. He condemned the caste system and the current Hindu emphasis on rituals and ceremonies.

Key Points

• Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramkrishna Mission at Belur in Howrah in 1897. It is a social service and charitable society.
• The objectives of this Mission are providing humanitarian relief and social work through the establishment of schools, colleges, hospitals, and orphanages.
• He asked the people to improve the lives of the poor and depressed classes. He believed that service to mankind is service to God.
• The original name of Swami Vivekananda was Narendranath Dutta (1863-1902). 
• He became the most famous disciple of Shri Ramkrishna Paramahamsa.
• In 1886, Narendranath took the vow of Sanyasa and was given the name, Vivekananda. 
• Swami Vivekananda emphasized Man making education.
• Man-making means a harmonious development of a child in respect to their morality, humanity, honesty, character health, etc. Therefore, a supportive environment to fulfill these aims of education should be created in our school.

The correct answer is 1757.

Key Points

• Battle of Plassey:
  • The Plassey battle took place in 1757 at West Bengal's Plassey, east of the Bhagirathi River.
  • The last independent Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah faced up against Robert Clive's British East India Company troops.
  • Following the death of his grandfather Alavardi Khan, Siraj-ud-Daulah, the then-Nawab of Bengal, took over.
  • Siraj was already wary of the East India Company's increasing influence because to the British victory in the Carnatic.
  • In June 1756, the enraged Nawab marched to Calcutta and took control of Fort William. 
  • Siraj imprisoned 146 British detainees in a tiny lair in Calcutta; 123 of them perished from suffocation. It is notoriously referred to as the Calcutta "Black Hole."
  • After the Nawab of Bengal tragically defeated the British, Robert Clive's formidable force was dispatched from Madras to depose the nawab and fortify British rule in Bengal.
  • Nawab's defeat was aided by Mir Jafar, who led around one-third of the Bengali army, choosing not to participate in the conflict.
  • The Nawab attempted to flee with his army under duress, but Miran, Mir Jafar's son, assassinated him.
  • Clive crowned Mir Jafar as the Nawab of Bengal and placed him on the throne of Murshidabad following the Battle of Plassey.
  • In accordance with the deal, Mir Jafar offered the firm the Zamindari of 24 Parganas, a group of villages in Bengal, in order to appease the British.
  • But this was insufficient to appease the British, and as a result, he lost his position as Nawab of Bengal and was replaced by his son-in-law Mir Kasim.
• The Battle is regarding a historic turning point for British in India; it established political and military supremacy of the British in Bengal.

Additional InformationSome Important Battles:

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• When the Japanese routed the allies in southeast Asia, they took some 60,000 soldiers of British Indian army prisoners.
• 20,000 of them agreed to switch sides and go to war against their former masters- the Britishers, in the Indian National army under command of Subhas Chandra Bose.
• After the allies won the war, the INA soldiers once again became prisoners under Britishers.
• The British Government decided to make an example of the INA leaders by performing their court-martial and treason trial-the first one was to take place in Delhi’s iconic Red Fort.
• Of the three INA generals arraigned for the first trial were a Hindu (Prem Kumar Sehgal), a Muslim (Shah Nawaz Khan) and a Sikh (Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon).
• The INA Defence Committee was a committee established by the Indian National Congress in 1945 to defend those officers of the Indian National Army who were to be charged during the INA trials.
• The committee declared the formation of the Congress' defence team for the INA and included famous lawyers of the time, including Bhulabhai Desai, Asaf Ali, Jawaharlal Nehru, Tej Bahadur Sapru, Kailash Nath Katju and Lt. Col Horilal Varma Bar at Law. Hence option 4 is correct.
• Over the course of 10 hours spread across two days, Desai presented a stirring defence without any interruption or notes, which among other aspects included “probably the first legal argument before any court in the world which sought to establish the legal right of an enslaved nation to wage a war of national liberation against its foreign ruler.

The correct answer is Wheat. 

Key Points

• Wheat crops witnessed the maximum rate of increase in production due to the Green Revolution in India.
• The Green Revolution started in 1965 with the first introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds in Indian agriculture.
• This was coupled with better and more efficient irrigation and the correct use of fertilizers to boost the crop.
  • The result of the Green Revolution was to make India self-sufficient when it came to food grains.
• These HYV seeds had more success with the wheat crop and were highly effective in regions that had proper irrigation.

Additional Information

• The Green Revolution, spreading over the period from 1967-68 to 1977-78, changed India’s status from a food-deficient country to one of the world's leading agricultural nations.
• The Green Revolution resulted in a great increase in the production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) due to the introduction of developing countries of new, high-yielding variety seeds, beginning in the mid-20th century.
• The Green Revolution was an endeavor initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s.
• He is known as the 'Father of the Green Revolution in the world.
• It led to him winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work in developing High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of wheat.
• In India, the Green Revolution was mainly led by M.S. Swaminathan.
• Revolution- Related to
  • Blue - Fish Production
  • Silver Fibre - Cotton Production
  • Green - Agriculture Production
  • Black - Petroleum Production
  • Grey - Fertilizer Production
  • Pink - Onions, Prawn Production
  • Red - Meat, Tomato Production
  • Silver - Egg Production

The correct answer is Civil Disobedience.

Key Points

• The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was associated with the civil disobedience movement of India.
  • The agreement was signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin.
  • The pact was signed on 5^th March 1931.
  • Arranged before the second round table conference in London.
  • As per Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Gandhiji discontinued the Civil Disobedience movement and agreed to attend the second round table conference.
• Proposed conditions of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact are:
  1. Participation by the Indian National Congress in the Second Round Table Conference.
  2. Removal of the tax on salt.
  3. Withdrawal of all ordinances imposing curbs on the activities of the Indian National Congress issued by the Government of India.
  4. Discontinuation of Salt March.
• Non-Co-operation movement was the first mass political movement led by Gandhiji.
  • Started in 1920.
  • Main goal: The attainment of Swaraj.
• Rowlatt Act was passed on 6^th February 1919.
  • Gandhiji called this act as 'The Black Act'.
  • Lord Chelmsford was the British viceroy during the Rowlatt Act.
• Quit India resolution was passed on 8^th August 1942.
  • The failure of the Crips mission was the immediate cause of the Quit India movement.
  • "Quit India" was the famous slogan raised during this movement.

The correct answer is Relation to soil and prosperity.

Key PointsNational Flag:

• The national flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion.
  • Saffron stands for courage.
  • White stands for truth and purity.
  • Green is the symbol of life, abundance, relation to soil, and prosperity.
• The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3.
• Its design is that of the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.
• Its diameter approximates the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes.
• The design was given by Pingali Venkaiya.
• The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947.
• It is our Fundamental Duty to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.

The correct answer is Durgabhai Deshmukh. 

Key Points

• Durgabhai Deshmukh was the founder of the Andhra Mahila Sabha.
• She was popularly known as “Iron Lady”.
• She organized Salt Satyagrah during the Civil disobedience movement in Madras and was imprisoned.
• She was the founder of AMS (Andhra Mahila Sabha) institutions and other important social welfare organizations. he, with the help of two other prominent nationalists (A. K. Prakasam and Desodharaka Nageswararao), started the movement in Madras.
• She was arrested and imprisoned for her involvement in a movement that had been banned.
• She also edited a journal known as Andhra Mahila and inspired women to rebel against meaning­less social constraints imposed on them.
• She was a member of the Constituent Assembly.
• She was awarded the Tamrapatra and Paul Hoffman Award after independence in recognition of her service to society.

Additional Information

• Sarojini Naidu:
  • Popularly known as the “Nightingale of India”, was a nationalist and poetess.
  • She was married to Dr. Govindarajulu Naidu in 1898​.
  • Under the guidance of Gopal Krishna Gokhale, she became the first woman to participate in India's struggle for independence.
  • She participated in the Dandi March with Gandhiji and presided over the Kanpur Session of Congress in 1925.
  • She was the first woman to become the Governor of Uttar Pradesh State.

The correct answer is Robert Clive.

Key Points

• Robert Clive was the governor of Bengal during 1757-1760 and again during 1765-1767.
• He led the Company’s army against Sirajuddaulah at Plassey in 1757.
• The dual government system in India was introduced by Robert Clive.
• He introduced the dual government system in Bengal in 1765.
  • It was continued till 1772.
• The administration of Bengal was divided into Diwani and Nizamat as a result of the dual government system.
• Robert Clive is known as the 'Babur of British India'.

Additional Information

• Warren Hastings is the only governor who was impeached by the British government in India.
  • Warren Hastings abolished the dual government system in 1772.
• The system of Permanent Settlement and civil services were introduced by Lord Cornwallis.
• The Subsidiary Alliance System in India was introduced by Lord Wellesley.

The correct answer is Annie Besant.

Key Points

• Annie Besant was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress.
• She presided over the Indian National Congress at the Calcutta session of 1917.
• She was a leading member of INC.
• She established the Home Rule League in 1916 at Madras.
• She first visited India in 1893 and was involved in the Indian National Movement.

Additional Information

• Sarojini Naidu:
  • She was the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress.
  • She became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Kanpur session in 1925.
  • She was given the title of "Nightingale of India" for her contributions in the field of poetry writing.
  • She was called 'Bharat Kokila'.
  • She is the first woman to hold the office of governor in the dominion of India.
  • She became the governor of the United Provinces in 1947.

Important Points

• Chittaranjan Das became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Gaya session in 1922.
• Motilal Nehru became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Calcutta session in 1928.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Karachi session in 1931.

The correct answer is option Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Key Points

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the “Atmiya Sabha” a precursor organization in the socio-religious reforms in Bengal in the year 1814 in Kolkata.
• It was a philosophical discussion circle where debates and discussions were held leading to the ideas for social reforms. 

The correct answer is Sabarmati.

Key Points

Dandi March or Salt Satyagraha was started by Mahatma Gandhi in Sabarmati launched on March 12, 1930, and it lasted till April 5, 1930, in Dandi (Navsari).

• It was a part of Non-violent Civil Disobedience.
• It was against the tax collected by the British Raj on salt and Gandhi opposed this by producing salt through evaporation.
• This significantly influenced American activist's Martin Luther King, James Bevel, and others.
• It is also known as the White Flowing River as all people took part in the march by wearing White Khadi.
• Gandhi called it “Poor Man’s Struggle”.
• Due to this, mass civil disobedience was observed and Indians boycotted British clothes and goods.
• International Walk for Justice and Freedom – Mahatma Gandhi Foundation re-framed and cast the Salt March in 2005 on the 75^th anniversary of Dandi March
• National Salt Satyagraha Memorial – Dandi (inaugurated Jan 30, 2019)

Mistake Points

• C Rajgopalachari, Gandhi’s associate organized Vedaranyam Salt March along the east coast while Gandhi launched along the west coast.
• C Rajgopalachari was the 1^st Governor-General of India after Independence.
• 1^st women arrested in Salt March – Sarojini Naidu
• To commemorate the 50^th and 75^th anniversary of Dandi March in 1980 and 2005 respectively, stamps were also released by the government.

(Stamp released in 2005 on the 75^th anniversary of Dandi Satyagraha)

The correct answer is 1773.

Key Points

• The first governor-general in India (of Bengal) was Warren Hastings in 1773.
• He started his career as a writer (clerk) in the East India Company at Calcutta in 1750.
• Established revenue board in 1772.
• He Abolished the dual system of governance.
• He Founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal with William Jones in 1784 in Calcutta.
• Warren Hastings laid the foundation of civil service and Lord Cornwallis reformed, modernized, and rationalized it.

• The first governor-general in India (of Bengal) was Warren Hastings.
• The first official governor-general of British India was Lord William Bentinck.
• The first governor-general of the Dominion of India was Lord Mountbatten.
• The first and last governor-general of free India was Chakravarti Rajagopalachari.

The correct answer is Kisan Kanya.

Key Points

• Kisan Kanya was a 1937 Hindi Cinecolor feature film which was directed by Moti Gidwani and produced by Ardeshir Irani of Imperial Pictures.
• It is largely remembered by the Indian public on account of it being India's first indigenously made colour film

 Important Points

• Dadasaheb Phalke's silent Raja Harishchandra (1913) is the first feature film made in India.
• The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Irani's Alam Ara (1931), was commercially successful.
• By the 1930s, the industry was producing over 200 films per year.

The correct answer is C A B D.

Key Points

• Hunter commission - 1882
  • It was constituted to look into the status of elementary education of India.
  • Its another objective was to look into the failure in implementation of Wood's Despatch.
  • William Wilson Hunter was the chairman of this commission who was a member of Indian Civil Services.
  • Its another name was Higher Education Commission.
  • It was appointed by Lord Rippon, Viceroy of India.
  • Recommendations-
    1. Encourage primary education
    2. Progress in Secondary education.
    3.  Grant-in aid for schools
    4. Moral and Physical education were emphasized.
• Saddler Commission - 1917
  • Dr Michael Sadler was the chairman of this committee.
  • It recommended 10+2+3 pattern of education.
  • Purdah schools were established for Muslim girls.
  • It recommended separate board for secondary and intermediate education.
• Wood's Despatch - 1854
  • ​Charles Wood, who was the president of Board of control of English education in EIC, sent a despatch to Lord Dalhousie.
  • This laid down the foundation of education in India.
  • He emphasized on Art, science, literature and philosophy of Europe, in his recommendations. 
• Sargent Plan - 1944
  • ​Sir John Sargeant was asked to prepare a comprehensive plan for education in India in the year 1944.
  • It recommended promotion of pre-primary education.
  • Secondary schools were intended to provide education to those students who were above average and had excellent aptitude for higher education.