Which of the following is used in water purification?

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NTPC CBT 2 2016 Previous Paper 6 (Held On: 18 Jan 2017 Shift 3)
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  1. Turgor pressure
  2. Osmosis
  3. Reverse Osmosis
  4. Cytolysis

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Reverse Osmosis
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Reverse Osmosis.

  • Reverse Osmosis is a technology that is used to remove a large majority of contaminants from water by pushing the water under pressure through a semi-permeable membrane.
    • It is a process where you demineralize or deionize water by pushing it under pressure through a semi-permeable Reverse Osmosis Membrane.

Important Points

Turgor pressure

Turgor pressure is exerted by fluid in a cell that presses the cell membrane against the cell wall.

Fungi, protists, bacteria, and plants all secrete various extracellular molecules form together to create a solid wall on the outside of their cells. As water fills the cells, it pushes against the cell membrane and cell wall, producing turgor pressure.

Osmosis

It is a process where a weaker saline solution will tend to migrate to a strong saline solution.

Examples of osmosis are when plant roots absorb water from the soil and our kidneys absorb water from our blood.

Cytolysis

It is also known as osmotic lysis, which occurs when a cell bursts and releases its contents into the extracellular body due to a large influx of water into the cell, far exceeding the capacity of the cell membrane to contain the extra volume.

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