Which of the following is the local variety of bees used for commercial honey production?

The correct answer is Apis cerana indica.

Key Points

• Apis cerana indica, also known as the Indian honeybee, is a local species widely used for commercial honey production in India.
• This species is well-adapted to Indian climatic conditions and is known for its efficient foraging ability and high honey yield.
• Apis cerana indica is preferred for commercial beekeeping due to its relatively non-aggressive behavior and ease of management in traditional hives.
• It is a native species and plays a crucial role in pollination, contributing significantly to agricultural productivity.
• The honey produced by Apis cerana indica is considered high in quality and is widely consumed across India.

Additional Information

• Apis mellifera:
  • Also known as the European honeybee, it is another species used for commercial honey production globally but is less adapted to Indian conditions compared to Apis cerana indica.
  • Apis mellifera is larger in size and produces more honey but requires advanced management techniques.
• Importance of Pollination by Bees:
  • Bees contribute significantly to the pollination of crops, enhancing agricultural productivity and biodiversity.
  • Approximately 70% of the world's major crops depend on pollination by insects, with bees being the primary pollinators.
• Traditional Beekeeping in India:
  • Traditional hives made from clay pots, wooden boxes, or tree trunks are commonly used for rearing Apis cerana indica.
  • Modern techniques, such as using movable-frame hives, have been introduced to increase honey yield and improve management.
• Other Honeybee Species in India:
  • Apis dorsata: The giant honeybee, known for producing large quantities of honey but difficult to domesticate.
  • Apis florea: The dwarf honeybee, produces less honey and is typically found in wild habitats.