Which of the following climate type is found under the cold climates?

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SSC CGL 2022 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On : 08 Dec 2022 Shift 4)
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  1. Humid subtropical
  2. Highland
  3. Humid continental
  4. Tundra

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Tundra
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Tundra.

Key Points

  • Among all the biomes, the tundra is the coldest.
  • In addition, the tundra experiences little precipitation, which resembles a desert.
  • Arctic tundra can be found in the areas immediately below the ice caps, and it can be found in Siberia in Asia, North America, and Europe.
  • The tundra biome encompasses most of Alaska and roughly half of Canada.
  • Several places throughout the world also have tundra on the summits of very tall mountains.
  • With mean annual temperatures below 0°C during six to ten months of the year, tundra winters are protracted, dark, and cold.
  • Permafrost, or permanently frozen ground, results from the area's extremely low temperatures.
  • The tundra biome is distinguished by this permafrost.
  • Only a few inches of the top layer of soil thaws during the tundra summers, giving vegetation roots a growth surface.

Additional Information

  •  Humid subtropical:
    • A climate zone characterised mid summers and cold to mild winters is known as a humid subtropical climate.
  • Highland:
    • Highland climate features include high insolation, low temperatures, low air pressure, wide diurnal temperature fluctuations, and relatively heavy precipitation at higher altitudes.
  • Humid continental:
    • It is characterized by four distinct seasons, significant seasonal temperature changes, and frigid (often extremely cold) winters.
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