When did spread foundation is adopted for bridges?

Explanation:

• Spread foundations are shallow foundations used to support bridge piers or abutments when the soil near the surface has sufficient bearing capacity to carry the loads.

• They transfer the load from the structure to the soil by spreading it over a large area.

• These foundations are economical and easier to construct when good soil is found at shallow depths.

• If the good soil is deep or water depth is large, other foundation types like pile foundations are preferred.

 Additional Information

A spread foundation is a type of shallow foundation that spreads the load from a structure over a large area near the surface to ensure the soil can safely carry the load without excessive settlement or failure.

• Purpose:
  It is used to transfer structural loads to the soil when the bearing capacity of the soil near the surface is adequate.

• Types of Spread Foundations:

  • Isolated Footing: Supports a single column or pier.

  • Combined Footing: Supports two or more columns when they are close enough.

  • Strip Footing: Used for load-bearing walls, distributes load along the length of the wall.

  • Mat or Raft Foundation: Large continuous slab supporting multiple columns or an entire building.