What is defined as the ratio of the wetted area to its wetted perimeter?

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  1. Hydraulic radius
  2. Hydraulic depth 
  3. Depth of flow
  4. Top width

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Hydraulic radius
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Explanation:

Hydraulic Radius

Hydraulic radius is defined as the ratio of the wetted area of a channel to its wetted perimeter. It is an important concept in fluid mechanics and is used in the study of open channel flow. The hydraulic radius is given by the formula:

R = A / P

where:

  • A is the cross-sectional area of flow.

  • P is the wetted perimeter, which is the length of the boundary that is in contact with the fluid.

Analyzing the Given Options

  1. Option 1: Hydraulic radius

    • The hydraulic radius is indeed defined as the ratio of the wetted area to its wetted perimeter.

  2. Option 2: Hydraulic depth

    • Hydraulic depth is different from hydraulic radius. It is defined as the ratio of the cross-sectional area of flow to the top width of the surface.

  3. Option 3: Depth of flow

    • Depth of flow refers to the vertical distance from the bottom of the channel to the free surface of the water.

  4. Option 4: Top width

    • Top width is the width of the water surface in an open channel.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1: Hydraulic radius.

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