To facilitate conceptual understanding among students, a teacher should : 

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CTET Paper 1 - 21st Jan 2022 (English-Hindi-Sanskrit)
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  1. encourage students to learn through rote memorisation. 
  2. not include examples and non-examples in the discussion of concepts. 
  3. provide opportunities to make connections between what has been presented and what they know already. 
  4. rely only on lecture method for teaching. 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : provide opportunities to make connections between what has been presented and what they know already. 
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Detailed Solution

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Conceptual understanding and meaning-making processes are very important in the teaching-learning process. It is not enough if the child just remembers or memorizes the concept, he should understand the concept and be able to answer the questions which are not in the textbook but relatable to the concept.  Key Points

  • Totally avoid rote memorization and focus on more activities to initiate learning by doing.
  • Make students be active for a long time in the class so that they learn through their experiences and remember the concept for a long time.
  • Provide opportunities to make connections between what has been presented and what they know already. 
  • Take students' errors as a source of information to identify the cognitive abilities and understanding level of the students and accordingly design the remedial action for them.
  • Should not depend on only the term-end examinations to assess the students. Many more assessment tools like observations, portfolios, anecdotal records and case studies should be used as a tool of assessment for learning.

Hence option 3 is the correct one. 

Additional Information

  • On the other hand encouraging students to memorize the concepts, giving examples and non-examples to discuss the topic and only following the lecture method do not facilitate conceptual understanding but here the students will become passive recipients of knowledge from the teacher.
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