Recombinant proteins, often seen in the news, are _____.

The Correct answer is proteins synthesised by transgene in host cell by rDNA technology.

Key Points

• Recombinant proteins are synthesized using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology, which involves inserting a transgene into a host cell.
• This process enables the production of specific proteins by leveraging the host organism’s cellular machinery.
• These proteins have a wide range of applications, including therapeutics, diagnostics, and industrial enzymes.
• Host cells used in this technology can vary and include bacteria, yeast, insect, and mammalian cells, depending on the requirements.
• Examples of recombinant proteins include insulin, growth hormones, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines.
• The process involves isolation of the gene of interest, insertion into a vector, transformation into a host cell, and expression of the protein.
• Recombinant proteins are critical in the production of biosimilars and biopharmaceuticals for treating diseases like diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.

 Additional Information

• Proteins synthesised in animal models
  • These proteins are naturally produced in animal models for research purposes, such as studying the effects of certain genes or drugs.
  • They are not produced using recombinant DNA technology but are derived from the animal's native cellular processes.
• Natural proteins found in bacteria
  • These are proteins that are naturally synthesized by bacteria as part of their metabolic processes.
  • Examples include enzymes like DNA polymerase and proteins involved in bacterial growth and replication.
  • These are not recombinant proteins as they are not produced through genetic modification.
• Proteins synthesised in mutated cell lines
  • These proteins are produced in genetically altered cell lines to study disease mechanisms or drug effects.
  • However, this does not necessarily involve the use of rDNA technology and transgenes.